{"id":4942,"date":"2015-08-02T16:55:31","date_gmt":"2015-08-02T14:55:31","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=4942"},"modified":"2015-08-02T16:55:31","modified_gmt":"2015-08-02T14:55:31","slug":"transformimet-iliro-arberore-ne-trevat-e-tivarit-dhe-ulqinit","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=4942","title":{"rendered":"Transformimet iliro-arb\u00ebrore n\u00eb trevat e Tivarit dhe Ulqinit"},"content":{"rendered":"
\"Tivari-vjeter-1966\"<\/a>
Foto Ilustruese: Tivari vjet\u00ebr, 1966<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

Shkruan prof. Dr. Jahja Dran\u00e7olli<\/p>\n

Luft\u00ebrat q\u00eb kishin p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb territorin e sot\u00ebm t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi gjat\u00eb antikitetit u shoq\u00ebruan edhe me shkat\u00ebrrime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha dhe r\u00ebnie ekonomike. N\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb shtrirjen e ilir\u00ebve u pak\u00ebsua shum\u00eb numri i qyteteve. Qytetet q\u00eb u ruajt\u00ebn mor\u00ebn organizim social-politik romak.<\/p>\n

Ato qytete q\u00eb mor\u00ebn statusin e kolonis\u00eb, si Ulqini, pat\u00ebn nj\u00eb hov t\u00eb ri zhvillimi. Gjat\u00eb periudh\u00ebs romak\u00eb u ndie ndikimi i artit e i kultur\u00ebs romake si dhe i gjuh\u00ebs latine. N\u00eb shek.III-IV n\u00eb Perandorin\u00eb Romake shp\u00ebrtheu kriza social-ekonomike e politike dhe n\u00eb vitin 395 Perandoria u nda n\u00eb dy pjes\u00eb, n\u00eb Lindore e n\u00eb Per\u00ebndimore. Efektet romanizuese t\u00eb pushtimit nuk arrit\u00ebn t\u00eb shuanin traditat etnike vend\u00ebse, meqen\u00ebse ilir\u00ebt kishin nj\u00eb nivel t\u00eb lart\u00eb kulturor dhe luft\u00ebrat e vazhdueshme kund\u00ebr pushtuesve e forcuan edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb ruajtjen e traditave vend\u00ebse n\u00eb gjuh\u00eb e n\u00eb kultur\u00eb. Gjat\u00eb shek.III-IV njihen si perandor\u00eb romak\u00eb me prejardhje ilire Klaudi II, Aureliani, Deci. Nd\u00ebr perandor\u00ebt romak\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj ilir\u00eb jan\u00eb Diokleciani dhe Konstandini i Madh. Diokleciani (284-305) n\u00eb vargun e reformave t\u00eb veta, themeloi m\u00eb 297 edhe Provinc\u00ebn e Prevalit (p\u00ebraf\u00ebrsisht treva e Malit t\u00eb Zi t\u00eb sot\u00ebm). Gjat\u00eb sundimit t\u00eb Konstantinit t\u00eb Madh (306-337), Prevali hynte n\u00eb dio\u00e7ezin e Mezis\u00eb s\u00eb Ep\u00ebrme (ku p\u00ebrfshihej edhe Dardania). Pas ndarjes s\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Romake m\u00eb 395, Prevali u fut n\u00eb kuadrin e prefektur\u00ebs s\u00eb Ilirikut Lindor. Nga kap\u00ebrcyelli i shek.VI rezulton se sllav\u00ebt kishin kaluar nep\u00ebr trev\u00ebn e sotme t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi por k\u00ebtu nuk krijuan ndonj\u00eb formacion t\u00eb quajtur Skllavini.<\/p>\n

Termeti katastrofik i vitit 518 dhe dyndjet barbare t\u00eb shek. VII shkat\u00ebrruan pothuaj ter\u00ebsisht qytetet e m\u00ebdha t\u00eb antikitetit t\u00eb k\u00ebsaj ane. Mir\u00ebpo, potenciali njer\u00ebzor i k\u00ebtyre qyteteve t\u00eb rr\u00ebnuara paraqiste mb\u00ebshtetje t\u00eb fuqishme p\u00ebr themelimin e qyteteve t\u00eb reja mesjetare, si, Antibari (Tivari), Suacium (Shasi), etj. K\u00ebtej, Tivari (Antibari, lat. mesjetare Antibarum, Antivarum, ital. Antivari), gjente mb\u00ebshtetje te fortifikata bizantine Antipargoi, t\u00eb cilin e p\u00ebrmend Prokopi, kronisti bizantin i shek.VI. Qyteti gjendet 5 km larg prej buz\u00ebs s\u00eb detit me nj\u00eb fush\u00eb me ullishte dhe m\u00eb vreshta rrushi, e cila gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb shekujve ruajti bukurin\u00eb e saj. Nep\u00ebrmjet qytetit kalonte p\u00ebrroi Clyrus, i cili derdh\u00ebt n\u00eb lumin e af\u00ebrt Xelexnica dhe sip\u00ebr atij ngrihen malet e larta bregdetare. Gjiri i hap\u00ebt sh\u00ebrbente si skele q\u00eb gjendej n\u00eb jug t\u00eb qytetit pran\u00eb malit t\u00eb Volovic\u00ebs (Vollujica). Kjo skele n\u00eb realitet nuk ishte e sigurt p\u00ebr q\u00ebndrimin e anijeve, por gjat\u00eb mesjet\u00ebs t\u00eb gjith\u00eb e quanin \u201cportus Antibari\u201d (m\u00eb 1274). Skela ka qen\u00eb e fortifikuar ndoshta n\u00eb koh\u00ebrat e lashta, gj\u00eb q\u00eb ndikoi se n\u00eb shek.XVI t\u00eb dominonte mendimi se, qyteti i par\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb gjendur pik\u00ebrisht buz\u00eb skel\u00ebs. K\u00ebshtjella (m\u00eb 1442 castellum), e cila sot \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb g\u00ebrmadh\u00eb, \u00ebsht\u00eb ngritur mbi nj\u00eb shk\u00ebmb t\u00eb lart\u00eb n\u00eb veri-lindje t\u00eb qytetit. Te barbakaneja, porta e t\u00eb cil\u00ebs gjendet lart\u00eb (finestra), t\u00eb \u00e7onte nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb q\u00eb ishte gdhendur brenda n\u00eb shk\u00ebmb. N\u00ebn k\u00ebshtjell\u00ebn \u00ebsht\u00eb ngritur qyteti n\u00eb form\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb gjysm\u00eb rrethi si nj\u00eb amfiteat\u00ebr. Qyteti gjat\u00eb mesjet\u00ebs ishte i rrethuar me mure t\u00eb larta, t\u00eb cilat n\u00eb per\u00ebndim formonin nj\u00eb bastion (il batone detto Gavodolla, Gavadola). Ishte v\u00ebshtir\u00eb p\u00ebr t’i kaluar, meq\u00eb pengonin ledhet prej guri (ma\u00e7era e dalmatin\u00ebve), madje edhe shum\u00eb sht\u00ebpia t\u00eb inkorporuara n\u00eb mure t\u00eb qytetit. Ky fenomen shihet kudo n\u00eb periudh\u00ebn e vet\u00eb zhvillimit, si, n\u00eb Shkod\u00ebr, n\u00eb qytete t\u00eb Dalmacis\u00eb, Palermo, etj. Dalja n\u00eb ball\u00eb t\u00eb K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Vog\u00ebl n\u00eb Tivar para vitit 1372, ka t\u00eb ngjar\u00eb se u b\u00eb nj\u00eb \u201cgrusht shteti\u201d nga bujaria e qytetit dhe ajo mori gjith\u00eb fuqin\u00eb n\u00eb dor\u00eb. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj bujaria b\u00ebri p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr suprimimin e K\u00ebshillit t\u00eb Vog\u00ebl dhe at\u00eb ta kthej n\u00eb nj\u00eb K\u00ebshill t\u00eb Madh (\u201cconsilium maius\u201d) t\u00eb bujar\u00ebve tivaras, sikur n\u00eb Kotorr dhe Budua. Njoftimet historike p\u00ebr qytetet n\u00eb arealet e Tivarit dhe Ulqinit edhe sot kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00ebsohen. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst jan\u00eb t\u00eb nevojshme p\u00ebrnjohjet dhe g\u00ebrmimet arkeologjike, si dhe k\u00ebrkime t\u00eb l\u00ebnd\u00ebs arkivore q\u00eb nd\u00ebrlidhet me pjes\u00ebn e qyteteve mesjetare. Nj\u00eb vend m\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi k\u00ebtu z\u00eb Shasi (Soacia, Suvacium, ital. Soa\u00e7o, Sua\u00e7o, Suazzo, kroat.Sva\u00e7).<\/p>\n

Nj\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtje m\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi n\u00eb zhvillime t\u00eb m\u00ebtejme historike t\u00eb provinc\u00ebs s\u00eb Prevalit, \u00ebsht\u00eb paraqitja e krishterimit. Gjurm\u00ebt e par\u00eb t\u00eb krishterimit n\u00eb Prevalis i ndeshim n\u00eb nj\u00eb stele varri nga gjysma e dyt\u00eb e shek.IV t\u00eb zbuluar n\u00eb Kolovrat, t\u00eb cilin nj\u00eb far\u00eb Vurus ia kishte ngritur n\u00ebn\u00ebs, gruas (q\u00eb t\u00eb dyja t\u00eb quajtura Secundona) dhe vetes p\u00ebr s\u00eb gjalli. K\u00ebtu del sheshazi simbioza e paganizmit dhe krishterimit. Nga Dioklea na del edhe nj\u00eb d\u00ebshmi mjaft interesante paleokristiane, e ashtuquajtura \u201ckupa e Podgoric\u00ebs\u201d. Kjo kup\u00eb qelqi u zbulua rreth vitit 1870. Aty jan\u00eb paraqitur tet\u00eb pamje, me p\u00ebrmbajtje biblike, shtat\u00eb t\u00eb marra nga testamenti i Vjet\u00ebr dhe ringjallja e Lazarit \u00ebsht\u00eb e vetmja sken\u00eb nga Testamenti i Ri. Nj\u00eb monument tjet\u00ebr paleokristian t\u00eb Prevalit ka zbuluar A. Evans (shek.XIX). \u00cbsht\u00eb fjala p\u00ebr nj\u00eb gem\u00eb nga Risani, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn paraqitet, \u201cpastori i mir\u00eb me qengj\u201d, monogrami i Krishtit, si dhe nj\u00eb amfor\u00eb, mbase ishte simbol i \u201cKan\u00ebs s\u00eb Galiles\u00eb\u201d. N\u00eb qytetin e Tivarit \u00ebsht\u00eb zbuluar nj\u00eb bazilik\u00eb trikonkshe, tek e cila v\u00ebrehet se jan\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb rind\u00ebrtime q\u00eb nga koha e nd\u00ebrtimit t\u00eb saj e deri n\u00eb shek. IX. Mir\u00ebpo, nd\u00ebrlidhjet e k\u00ebtij monumenti paleokristian me qendr\u00ebn e madhe argjipeshkvore t\u00eb Tivarit (nga shek.XI) vet\u00ebm mund t\u00eb supozohen. Gjithashtu, edhe n\u00eb kalan\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr t\u00eb Ulqinit, g\u00ebrmimet arkeologjike t\u00eb kryera n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn veri-per\u00ebndimore t\u00eb murit rrethues, kan\u00eb zbuluar dy varre t\u00eb zbukuruara me afreska t\u00eb tradit\u00ebs paleokristiane. Aty af\u00ebr, jan\u00eb nxjerr\u00eb disa fragmente pllakash t\u00eb parapetit nga shek.VI, dhe kat\u00ebr kapitele jonike. Nj\u00eb impostkapitel i gjetur k\u00ebtu, ka t\u00eb gdhendur monogramin e Krishtit. Nga k\u00ebto njoftime arkeologjike themi se, Tivari dhe Ulqini ishin p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb shum\u00eb her\u00ebt n\u00eb organizimin kishtar t\u00eb Prevalit.<\/p>\n

Vala e aristokracis\u00eb, q\u00eb l\u00ebshohet nga veriu p\u00ebr n\u00eb jug, si t\u00eb thuash thehet te ambienti arkaik i Tivarit, te nj\u00eb \u201cuniversitas\u201d, q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb karakteristik p\u00ebr gjith\u00eb arealin e qyteteve t\u00eb jugut. M\u00eb termin \u201cuniversitas\u201d kuptojm\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb qytetar\u00ebt, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt jan\u00eb bart\u00ebs t\u00eb autonomis\u00eb. K\u00ebtej, n\u00eb Tivar, u shkaktuan p\u00ebr\u00e7arje n\u00eb mes aristokracis\u00eb dhe qytetar\u00ebve. N\u00eb vitin 1380 n\u00eb Ulqin nd\u00ebrkaq, dalin n\u00eb sken\u00eb pran\u00eb gjykat\u00ebsve edhe \u201ck\u00ebshilltar\u00ebt\u201d. K\u00ebshilli i popullit (1426, homines universitatis Dulcigni) n\u00eb vitin 1553 e ka ruajtur form\u00ebn e saj popullore. \u201cBashkia e qytetit nuk ka nj\u00eb k\u00ebshill t\u00eb rregullt, kur shfaqet nevoja mblidhen aristokrat\u00ebt, qytetar\u00ebt dhe zejtar\u00ebt dhe tubohen, \u00e7do vit n\u00eb dit\u00ebn e sh\u00ebn Markut, ku konti zgjedh n\u00ebpun\u00ebsit nga radh\u00ebt e aristokracis\u00eb: dy gjykat\u00ebs, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt s\u00eb bashku me at\u00eb gjykojn\u00eb mbi \u00e7\u00ebshtjet civile. Qytetar\u00ebt (citadini), nd\u00ebrkaq zgjedhin kat\u00ebr ekonom\u00eb (camererai) dhe kat\u00ebr ose pes\u00eb n\u00ebpun\u00ebs t\u00eb tjer\u00eb, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebt p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsohen edhe fshatar\u00ebt (lavoratori di terra)\u201d. Shtresa aristokrate gjat\u00eb bregut lindor t\u00eb Adriatikut, titullin \u201cKir\u201d (\u201ccur\u201d), nga mesi i shek.XIV, z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuan me titullin \u201cser\u201d. K\u00ebtej, nga kjo koh\u00eb, edhe qytetar\u00ebt fisnik t\u00eb Tivarit dhe Ulqinit mbanin vet\u00ebm titullin \u201cser\u201d.<\/p>\n

Krahas qyteteve t\u00eb njo-hura italiane dhe dalma-tine edhe qytetet bregde-tare shqiptare zot\u00ebronin me statute. K\u00ebshtu, reda-ktimi i Statutit t\u00eb Ulqinit \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb q\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1280. Statuti i Tivarit, nd\u00ebrkaq u konsolidua nga mesi i shek.XIV. Zhvillimi i statuteve u p\u00ebrcoll edhe m\u00eb nj\u00eb varg instrumentesh ligjore, t\u00eb cilat lidheshin gjithsesi me vul\u00ebn autentike. N\u00eb mes t\u00eb dy ekzemplar\u00ebve t\u00eb vul\u00ebs s\u00eb qytetit t\u00eb Ulqinit (1397) dallohet Sh\u00ebn M\u00ebria me Krishtin e vog\u00ebl. Vula e Ulqinit p\u00ebrmendet p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb m\u00eb 1359. N\u00eb dokumentet e gjykat\u00ebsve t\u00eb Tivarit m\u00eb 1369 p\u00ebrmend vul\u00ebn e komun\u00ebs. Jan\u00eb t\u00eb njohura edhe vulat ipeshkvnore, si, e Ulqinit m\u00eb 1242, Tivarit m\u00eb 1252, Shasit m\u00eb 1320, dhe vula e abatit t\u00eb Rotecit m\u00eb 1368.<\/p>\n

Bashk\u00ebsit\u00eb, shoqatat, katundet dhe komunat arb\u00ebrore<\/strong>
\nBashk\u00ebsit\u00eb e pavarura n\u00eb k\u00ebto hap\u00ebsira quhen pak a shum\u00eb me emra t\u00eb llojllojsh\u00ebm n\u00ebp\u00ebr dokumentet e ruajtura, prej t\u00eb cilave, disa emra jan\u00eb me karakter gjeografik, si, fshati, atari, apo visi dhe bjeshka. Nd\u00ebrsa emrat e tjer\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me natyr\u00ebn e bashk\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb vendosur, si, komuna (comune), shoqata (compagnia, societas), \u00e7eta (turma), tubimi (conventus) dhe katuni (cathon). N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb aspekt, n\u00eb fund t\u00eb aktit t\u00eb marr\u00ebveshjes s\u00eb Vranin\u00ebs (1455), n\u00eb mes p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit t\u00eb Zet\u00ebs s\u00eb Ep\u00ebrme, princave venedikas dhe kapitenit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, p\u00ebrmendet \u201clista e shoqatave dhe komunave\u201d t\u00eb Zet\u00ebs s\u00eb Ep\u00ebrme. N\u00eb vitin 1460 n\u00eb nj\u00eb burim venedikas p\u00ebrmend\u00ebn k\u00ebto shoqata dhe katunde:\u201cle qual compagnie et cathoni sono tutti Malonxich et Plessivaz et Bielopaulovich et Luxania\u201d. Nd\u00ebrkaq n\u00eb nj\u00eb kart\u00eb t\u00eb \u00c7\u00ebrnojave nga viti 1492, p\u00ebrmend\u00ebn Llesh\u00ebt, Pjeshivan\u00ebt, Malonosh\u00ebt, Koman\u00ebt dhe Golemad\u00ebt. Krahas tyre, p\u00ebrmend\u00ebn edhe ca bashk\u00ebsi t\u00eb spikatura me prejardhje etnike arb\u00ebrore, si, Tuz\u00ebt, Hotian\u00ebt, Mataguz\u00ebt, Pamaliot, Tron\u00ebt, Krampsit,, Mogulset, Bitidos\u00ebt e t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt. N\u00eb dokumente zyrtare dhe kronika t\u00eb koh\u00ebs, Golemad\u00ebt dhe Bushat\u00ebt, si dhe vendbanimet e tyre n\u00eb Zet\u00ebn e Ep\u00ebrme konsideroheshin p\u00ebr arb\u00ebrore. P\u00ebr \u00e7’arsye nga ana tjet\u00ebr kotorrasit i konsideronin \u00c7\u00ebrnojeviq\u00ebt arb\u00ebror\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa herceg St.Vuk\u00e7iqi i akuzonte n\u00eb Venedik p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb \u201cnatyr\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre arb\u00ebrore\u201d (costumi albaneschi) dhe p\u00ebr \u00e7’arsye Konstantin Filozofi e quajti Balsh\u00ebn II \u201czot\u00ebri arbanas\u201d edhe kjo \u00e7\u00ebshtje flet p\u00ebr p\u00ebrhapjen e konceptit Arb\u00ebr dhe Arb\u00ebri n\u00eb nj\u00eb hap\u00eb-sir\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb Zet\u00ebs mesjetare. N\u00eb Poprat, n\u00eb mes t\u00eb Tivarit dhe Ulqinit, zot\u00ebrues ishin v\u00eblle-z\u00ebrit, Aleksi Marku dhe Pjetri. Duke u rebelua nga Balsha III kaluan n\u00eb an\u00ebn e venedikas\u00ebve dhe m\u00eb 1405 sulmuan Tivarin dhe Ulqi-nin. Pothuaj, n\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb, n\u00eb an\u00ebn venedikase, me shoqat\u00ebn e vet, kaloi edhe Pjet\u00ebr Shestani i Kraj\u00ebs. Nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri t\u00eb fort\u00eb n\u00eb brigje mbi Tivar, e sajonin edhe Krampsit. P\u00ebr ta thuhet se kan\u00eb qen\u00eb bujar\u00eb dhe se ishin numerikisht n\u00eb ato an\u00eb. At\u00ebbot\u00eb, p\u00ebrmendet edhe shoq\u00ebria Laloja. N\u00eb koh\u00ebn e luft\u00ebrave t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta, n\u00eb shtator t\u00eb vitit 1442, raguzan\u00ebve iu bashk\u00ebngjit\u00ebn edhe dy kompani luftarake t\u00eb M\u00ebrkojave (M\u00ebrkotit) t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kolonizonin vendin n\u00eb mes Tivarit dhe Ulqinit. N\u00eb luft\u00eb m\u00eb ushtrin\u00eb e despotit n\u00ebn Tivar m\u00eb 1448, nga ana tjet\u00ebr, flitet vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri t\u00eb M\u00ebrkoj\u00ebve me afro 130 luft\u00ebtar\u00eb dhe kat\u00ebr epror\u00eb: Dominiku, Nikashi, Vasa dhe Ndreu. Edhe Lleshevit\u00ebt e konsideronin veten katun t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb dhe, pa dyshim kan\u00eb patur nj\u00ebfar\u00eb sigurimi t\u00eb brendsh\u00ebm, e gjithashtu edhe Lushtica, nj\u00eb fidanishte luft\u00ebtar\u00ebsh t\u00eb njohur arb\u00ebror\u00eb, jasht\u00ebzakonisht ishte dashur t\u00eb kishte ndonj\u00eb bajraktar dhe tubimin e bujar\u00ebve t\u00eb imt\u00eb, si dhe nj\u00eb num\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb madh epror\u00ebsh, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kan\u00eb qen\u00eb n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb tubonin shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb e luftar\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre. Raguzan\u00ebt m\u00eb 1403 kishin angazhuar \u201cpes\u00eb luftar\u00eb trima t\u00eb veshur mir\u00eb me arm\u00eb me harqe dhe shigjeta, nd\u00ebrsa t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt me shpata dhe mburoja dhe lidhur me k\u00ebt\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje u kishin d\u00ebrguar nj\u00eb let\u00ebr bujar\u00ebve dhe gjith\u00eb meshkujve t\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb bjeshk\u00ebs s\u00eb Lushtic\u00ebs\u201d . Nga kap\u00ebrcyelli i shek.XIV dhe kah fillimi i shek.XV n\u00eb fuqi t\u00eb jasht\u00ebzakonshme qe v\u00ebllaz\u00ebria Gojshi. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebta luftuan kund\u00ebr kotorras\u00ebve, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kishin dijeni se ata \u201cqen\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb fuqish\u00ebm se t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt\u201d.<\/p>\n

Pamaliot\u00ebt, Tronasit, Hot\u00ebt dhe Tuz\u00ebt<\/strong>
\nPamaliot\u00ebt dhe Tronasit, konsi-deroheshin p\u00ebr shoq\u00ebri t\u00eb forta luft\u00ebtar\u00ebsh, q\u00eb vinin nga radh\u00ebt e fisnik\u00ebve t\u00eb vegj\u00ebl nga territori i Bun\u00ebs. N\u00eb krye t\u00eb Pamaliot\u00ebve nga gjysma e shek.XV, q\u00ebndronte Dukaleti me titull t\u00eb duk\u00ebs, feudal i spikatur i Gjergj Balsh\u00ebs-Strazi-mirit. Nuk mund t\u00eb dim\u00eb sa kishte bujar\u00eb t\u00eb vegj\u00ebl arb\u00ebror\u00eb, ve\u00e7se n\u00eb negociatat me venedikasit, p\u00ebrmenden 14 p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues t\u00eb tyre. Nj\u00eb prej tyre ishte familja Buzanoviq, q\u00eb n\u00eb shek.XV nga kjo del nj\u00eb ipeshk\u00ebv tivaras, q\u00eb do t\u00eb thot\u00eb i familjes q\u00eb ishte katolike dhe me siguri, e vendosur n\u00eb Lastva. Nuk ka p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsues t\u00eb Be\u00e7iq\u00ebve (Be\u00e7ikemi) dhe t\u00eb Dhimit\u00ebrve, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt, p\u00ebrndryshe shfaq\u00ebn n\u00eb shek.XV dhe q\u00eb do t\u00eb formoj\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb \u201cfise\u201d t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta, as Butak\u00eb, q\u00eb nuk p\u00ebrmenden me at\u00eb mbiem\u00ebr n\u00eb shek.XV. Hot\u00ebt ishin gjithashtu nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri e fort\u00eb luft\u00ebtar\u00ebsh, q\u00eb mbante mal\u00ebsin\u00eb e Hotit, n\u00eb veri t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs dhe q\u00eb kishte pranuar pushtetin e Balshajve. Nd\u00ebrkaq, a kan\u00eb jetuar atje t\u00eb gjitha \u00e7etat hotase, kjo nuk mund t\u00eb thuhet sakt\u00ebsisht, dhe ndoshta nj\u00eb \u00e7et\u00eb u kishte mbetur n\u00eb mal\u00ebsin\u00eb e Hotit. N\u00eb paktin e Vranin\u00ebs zihen ngoj\u00eb n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, hot\u00ebt dhe bakshet. N\u00eb koh\u00ebn e luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Venedikut me banin e Bosnjes e kishin epror Junk Hotin (1441), nd\u00ebrsa kur despoti serb dominoi mbi Zet\u00ebn e Ep\u00ebrme, i biri tij Bani Junko, sikund\u00ebr quhet n\u00eb dokumentin p\u00ebr v\u00ebnien e kufinjve me Mataguzh\u00ebt (1445). Ai si personalitet i par\u00eb n\u00eb mal\u00ebsin\u00eb e Hotit, p\u00ebrmendet edhe m\u00eb 1474 me emrin Banj Hot, nd\u00ebrsa venedikasit, madje parashi-konin mund\u00ebsin\u00eb t’ia dhuronin titullin e duk\u00ebs. \u00cbsht\u00eb evidente, se ata evitonin ndikimin dhe mbik\u00ebqyrjen, si t\u00eb despotit ashtu t\u00eb \u00c7\u00ebrnojeviq\u00ebve, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb d\u00ebrgonin atje p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesin e vet, si mes Malons\u00ebve.
\nS’ka dyshim se Tuz\u00ebt ishin nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebri e madhe e p\u00ebrhapur e p\u00ebrb\u00ebr\u00eb ekskluzivisht nga kush\u00ebrinjt\u00eb me mbiem\u00ebr t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00eb. Nga vitet 1402\/1403, kan\u00eb jetuar n\u00eb an\u00ebn e Shkodr\u00ebs dhe kan\u00eb mbajtur fshatin omonim Tuzi, kryepar i s\u00eb cilit ishte Jurko Tuzi. Me te kan\u00eb qen\u00eb edhe 15 tuzian\u00eb t\u00eb shquar. I gjith\u00eb vendbanimi, q\u00eb kishte afro 150 sht\u00ebpi, mund t\u00eb aktivizonte 500 luft\u00ebtar\u00eb. Tuzian\u00ebt, n\u00eb paktin e Vranin\u00ebs p\u00ebrmend\u00ebn si shoq\u00ebri Tazide, nd\u00ebrsa epror e kishin Ratko Tuzin. Mir\u00ebpo, a i kan\u00eb takuar shoq\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb tyre monolite edhe disa grupe nga listat e vitit 1455, nuk mund t\u00eb dihet.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Shkruan prof. Dr. Jahja Dran\u00e7olli Luft\u00ebrat q\u00eb kishin p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb territorin e sot\u00ebm t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi gjat\u00eb antikitetit u shoq\u00ebruan edhe me shkat\u00ebrrime t\u00eb m\u00ebdha dhe r\u00ebnie ekonomike. N\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00eb shtrirjen e ilir\u00ebve u pak\u00ebsua shum\u00eb numri i qyteteve. Qytetet q\u00eb u ruajt\u00ebn mor\u00ebn organizim social-politik romak. Ato qytete q\u00eb mor\u00ebn statusin e kolonis\u00eb, si […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":319,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[18],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-4942","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-histori"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4942","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=4942"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4942\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4943,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4942\/revisions\/4943"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/319"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=4942"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=4942"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=4942"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}