{"id":40514,"date":"2025-12-07T10:31:35","date_gmt":"2025-12-07T09:31:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=40514"},"modified":"2025-12-07T10:32:41","modified_gmt":"2025-12-07T09:32:41","slug":"boka-e-kotorrit-dhe-shqiptaret-nderlidhja-adriatikase-e-harruar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=40514","title":{"rendered":"Boka e Kotorrit dhe shqiptar\u00ebt: nd\u00ebrlidhja adriatikase e harruar"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Boka e Kotorrit, ilustrim i Pierre Mortier rreth vitit 1700<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nga\u00a0Ylber Hysa*<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fokusimi yn\u00eb i komunikimit t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve me Kotorrin dhe gjirin e tij, \u00ebsht\u00eb kryesisht i kontekstit mesjetar. Pra, nuk ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me antik\u00ebn ku Boka e Kotorrit luajti nj\u00eb rol esencial p\u00ebr fatin e kuptimin e Iliris\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb aspekt, komunikimi i shqiptar\u00ebve me Kotorrin mesjetar kontekstualizohet n\u00eb disa kapituj kohor\u00eb brenda sistemeve t\u00eb caktuara historike. Shqiptar\u00ebt me Bok\u00ebn e Kotorrit ishin t\u00eb lidhur historikisht n\u00eb dimensione t\u00eb ndryshme \u2013 q\u00eb nga prift\u00ebrinjt\u00eb, detar\u00ebt, ushtar\u00ebt profesionist\u00eb \u2013 stradiot\u00ebt, diplomat\u00ebt, nd\u00ebrmarr\u00ebsit dhe zejtar\u00ebt, tregtar\u00ebt, barinjt\u00eb, sh\u00ebrb\u00ebtor\u00ebt e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb. Por nuk b\u00ebjn\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim as edhe patric\u00ebt e fisnik\u00ebria<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kotorri, me gryk\u00ebn e tij, ka vazhduar t\u00eb jet\u00eb nj\u00eb pik\u00eb e patejkalueshme n\u00eb mes t\u00eb Adriatikut dhe brend\u00ebsis\u00eb ballkanike, nj\u00eb gravitim thelb\u00ebsor n\u00eb komunikimin historik, tregtar, kulturor dhe gjeopolitik gjat\u00eb historis\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Q\u00eb nga antika, Gryka e Kotorrit, e njohur edhe si e Rizonit, n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb qytetit ilir t\u00eb Teut\u00ebs, pastaj atij romak, ka qen\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsis\u00eb primare, fal\u00eb edhe gjeografis\u00eb specifike \u2013 fjordit m\u00eb t\u00eb madh n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb basenit t\u00eb Adriatikut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00ebshtu ka ndodhur edhe n\u00eb mesjet\u00eb kur Kotorri merr primatin e nj\u00eb vazhdim\u00ebsie antike edhe pas dyndjes s\u00eb popujve, p\u00ebrmes Bizantit n\u00eb mesjet\u00eb t\u00eb hershme, e pastaj, q\u00eb nga sundimi i shkurt\u00ebr i Mihajlit t\u00eb Zet\u00ebs, Ludovikut, mbretit hungarezo-kroat, apo sundimet m\u00eb t\u00eb gjata t\u00eb Nemenajiq\u00ebve e sidomos Venedikut, ka bartur k\u00ebt\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi edhe m\u00eb p\u00ebrtej, n\u00eb koh\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb re.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb fakt, Kotorri nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb ruajti autonomin\u00eb e tij t\u00eb brendshme dhe nominalisht pranonte suverenitete t\u00eb jashtme t\u00eb fuqive t\u00eb koh\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pas Rizonit n\u00eb antik\u00eb, Kotorri praktikisht mori primatin si qendra m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme urbane e zon\u00ebs. Nj\u00ebher\u00eb si Acruvium antik, q\u00eb si pasoj\u00eb e mosmbrojtjes adekuate n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e dyndjeve barbare, u bart n\u00eb Catharum, i cili si Decadaron p\u00ebrmendet p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb shek. VII nga Anonimi i Raven\u00ebs. Komuniteti i organizuar n\u00eb kashtellin bizantin n\u00eb pozicionin dominues bregor mbi detin, m\u00eb von\u00eb u zgjerua n\u00eb Kotorrin mesjetar duke krijuar fortifikimin impozant nga Venediku, q\u00eb shihet edhe sot.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kotorri, apo th\u00ebn\u00eb m\u00eb qart\u00eb Boka e Kotorrit, ishte aty pran\u00eb zinxhirit t\u00eb qyteteve antike e mesjetare n\u00eb rripin e ngusht\u00eb t\u00eb Adriatikut q\u00eb u imponua me nj\u00eb kontinuitet civi\u00aclizimesh q\u00eb lidh\u00ebn dy an\u00ebt e Adriatikut. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kontekst, Kotorri kishte fatin gjeografik q\u00eb t\u00eb ishte af\u00ebr Dubrovnikut q\u00eb dikur fitoi pesh\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb duke qen\u00eb vet\u00eb republik\u00eb detare \u2013 dhe kjo shpeshher\u00eb do t\u00eb n\u00ebnkuptonte edhe nj\u00eb rivalitet historik e konkurrues tregtar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00ebshtu, Kotorri, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera, pati komunikim edhe t\u00eb paevituesh\u00ebm me shqiptar\u00ebt, q\u00eb nuk ishin larg tij.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fokusimi yn\u00eb i komunikimit t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve me Koto\u00acrrin dhe gjirin e tij, \u00ebsht\u00eb kryesisht i kontekstit mesjetar. Pra, nuk ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me antik\u00ebn ku Boka e Kotorrit luajti nj\u00eb rol esencial p\u00ebr fatin e kuptimin e Iliris\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Prej komunikimit deri te katedralja q\u00eb simbolizon qytetin prej vitit 1166<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb aspekt, komunikimi i shqiptar\u00ebve me Koto\u00acrrin mesjetar kontekstualizohet n\u00eb disa kapituj kohor\u00eb brenda sistemeve t\u00eb caktuara historike.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

I pari \u00ebsht\u00eb i nd\u00ebrlidhur me prezenc\u00ebn e hershme t\u00eb benediktin\u00ebve n\u00eb Zet\u00eb e Shqip\u00ebri t\u00eb Veriut, nj\u00eb rol i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb forcimin e p\u00ebrhapjen e krishterimit n\u00eb k\u00ebto hap\u00ebsira q\u00eb nga shek. IX-XII.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nj\u00eb episod me interes i k\u00ebtij komunikimi t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve me Kotorrin nd\u00ebrlidhet me promovimin e katedrales ikonike q\u00eb simbolizon qytetin q\u00eb nga viti 1166 dhe me rolin e klerit katolik shqiptar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pastaj \u00ebsht\u00eb periudha e Nemanjiq\u00ebve kur prezenca e shqiptar\u00ebve aty nd\u00ebrlidhet specifikisht edhe me at\u00eb t\u00eb vllehve n\u00eb rrethinat e Bok\u00ebs s\u00eb Kotorrit, por edhe Dubrovnikut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Konteksti tjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb ai i periudh\u00ebs s\u00eb qeverisjes s\u00eb Venedikut n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb dhe n\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb gjer\u00eb mediterane, ku vet\u00eb em\u00ebrtimi Dalmatia et Venetia n\u00ebnkupton nj\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb gjeopolitike t\u00eb konceptuar si Albania Veneta, pra Albania Veneciane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb ai i rolit q\u00eb ka Kotorri si juridiksion i hersh\u00ebm i kishave katolike n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb dhe brend\u00ebsi t\u00eb Ballkanit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kurse edhe nj\u00eb aspekt lidhet me rolin e personaliteteve nga Boka e Kotorrit n\u00eb historin\u00eb dhe kultur\u00ebn shqiptare, p\u00ebrfshir\u00eb k\u00ebtu edhe diasporat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kapitull i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe Kotorri dhe shqiptar\u00ebt pas r\u00ebnies s\u00eb Ulqinit dhe Tivarit n\u00eb duart osmane, pirat\u00ebria ulqinake e Bok\u00ebs s\u00eb Kotorrit, si dhe refleksionet detare-tregtare t\u00eb nj\u00eb konstelacioni t\u00eb ri gjeopolitik historik t\u00eb koh\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shqiptar\u00ebt me Bok\u00ebn e Kotorrit ishin t\u00eb lidhur historikisht n\u00eb dimensione t\u00eb ndryshme \u2013 q\u00eb nga prift\u00ebrinjt\u00eb, detar\u00ebt, ushtar\u00ebt profesionist\u00eb \u2013 stradiot\u00ebt, diplomat\u00ebt, nd\u00ebrmarr\u00ebsit dhe zejtar\u00ebt, tregtar\u00ebt, barinjt\u00eb, sh\u00ebrb\u00ebtor\u00ebt e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb. Por nuk b\u00ebjn\u00eb p\u00ebrjashtim as edhe patric\u00ebt e fisnik\u00ebria.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shqip\u00ebria si treg esencial p\u00ebr Bok\u00ebn e Kotorrit<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00eb shum\u00eb se kaq, kjo nd\u00ebrlidhje \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e shprehur n\u00eb tregti. Shqip\u00ebria p\u00ebrb\u00ebnte nj\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb e treg esencial p\u00ebr Bok\u00ebn e Kotorrit, q\u00eb kapte l\u00ebnd\u00ebt e para si drurin e l\u00ebkur\u00ebt, por sidomos ushqimin, e posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht drith\u00ebrat, produktet nga to, si dhe krip\u00ebn. Kjo tradit\u00eb e komunikimit intensiv tregtar solli edhe kooperime, kreditime e bashkinvestime t\u00eb arb\u00ebror\u00ebve me kotorrasit, q\u00eb nga lundrimi e anijend\u00ebrtimi, deri tek investimi i p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt n\u00eb transportimin, blerjen, eksportin e importin e mallrave. Limanet shqiptare, q\u00eb nga ato tradicionale e deri te gryk\u00ebderdhjet e lumenjve n\u00eb det, ishin me shekuj t\u00eb paanshkaluara nga tregtar\u00ebt kotorras, q\u00eb nga Sh\u00ebn Shirgji n\u00eb Bun\u00eb, Shkodra, Lezha, Shufadaja, Durr\u00ebsi, Vlora, Pirgu, Vregu, San Cas-taldo e t\u00eb tjera.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nj\u00eb dimension tjet\u00ebr, \u00ebsht\u00eb ai politik. Kotorri ka luajtur nj\u00eb rol t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb zhvillimet politike te shqiptar\u00ebt e t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt p\u00ebrreth dhe anasjelltas. Roli i shqiptar\u00ebve reflektohet edhe n\u00eb episodin konkret n\u00eb nj\u00eb moment kritik, kur paria e Kotorrit, pas hezitimit t\u00eb Venedikut, q\u00eb ta marr\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb qytet n\u00eb sistemin dhe mbrojtjen e tij \u2013 k\u00ebrc\u00ebnon se ata do t\u2019ua japin qytetin shqiptar\u00ebve, serb\u00ebve, ose turqve (Aut Albanensibus, aut Scalvuis, aut Turcis).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kjo dinamik\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb prezente n\u00eb koh\u00ebra t\u00eb ndryshme: nga Bizanti, kur edhe koncipohen nocionet politiko-territoriale rajonale si arhigu i t\u00eb gjith\u00eb Diokles\u00eb, Kroacis\u00eb, Arbanias e Splitit, q\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb do t\u00eb prodhoj\u00eb edhe Albanian Venciane si p\u00ebrpjekje e Serenismas p\u00ebr t\u00eb trash\u00ebguar legjitimitiin romak-biznatin n\u00eb Adriatikun Lindor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

K\u00ebto nd\u00ebrvar\u00ebsi, para dhe pas vendosjes veneciane n\u00eb Kotorr jan\u00eb t\u00eb lidhura me qeverisjen m\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb nemanjiqase apo m\u00eb t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr t\u00eb despotatit serb, pretendent\u00ebve hercegovas e boshnjak\u00eb q\u00eb nga Sandalj Hrani\u0107 e Kotromani\u0107, Dubrovnikut, por sidomos t\u00eb sunduesve lokal\u00eb e rajonal\u00eb t\u00eb Zet\u00ebs, q\u00eb nga Balshajt e lidhjet e tyre me Topiajt, krushqit\u00eb politike me feudal\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb si Zakariajt, e deri sa k\u00ebto hap\u00ebsira t\u00eb jen\u00eb vij\u00eb ndar\u00ebse e dy mega-akter\u00ebve gjeopolitik\u00eb t\u00eb historis\u00eb-Republik\u00ebs s\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Markut e Port\u00ebs Osmane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nj\u00eb faz\u00eb tjet\u00ebr interesante e k\u00ebtyre zhvillimeve politike q\u00eb kapin Kotorrin e t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt p\u00ebrreth, \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe periudha e C\u00ebrnojeviq\u00ebve dhe vazhdimit t\u00eb tradit\u00ebs s\u00eb nd\u00ebrlidhjeve t\u00eb tyre me krushqi politike me feudal\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb si Kastriot\u00ebt e Arianit\u00ebt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kotorri si qend\u00ebr e kund\u00ebrzbulimit venecian dhe lidhja kulturore<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kotorri venecian, pas konsolidimit p\u00ebrfundimtar e shum\u00ebshekullor osman n\u00eb Ballkan, luajti rolin kryesor logjistik p\u00ebr veprimtarin\u00eb misionare katolike n\u00eb hap\u00ebsirat shqipfol\u00ebse gjat\u00eb Kund\u00ebrreformacionit. Por, Kotorri ishte edhe qend\u00ebr e kund\u00ebrzbulimit venecian n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjet parandaluese, nganj\u00ebher\u00eb aventureske, t\u00eb mbret\u00ebrve spanjoll\u00eb ndaj synimeve p\u00ebr kryq\u00ebzata antiosmane, q\u00eb p\u00ebr logjistik\u00eb kishte mu k\u00ebto hap\u00ebsira ku jetonin shqiptar\u00ebt, malazez\u00ebt, hercegovasit e t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt, si element i gatsh\u00ebm kryengrit\u00ebs, mal\u00ebsor e luftarak.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drit\u00eb, kapitull i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nd\u00ebrlidhja kulturore n\u00eb mes t\u00eb Bok\u00ebs s\u00eb Kotorrit dhe shqiptar\u00ebve, q\u00eb nd\u00ebrton nj\u00eb tradit\u00eb q\u00eb nga Martin Segoni, Bolicat, Zmajeviq\u00ebt dhe shum\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb. Zmajeviq\u00ebt kan\u00eb l\u00ebn\u00eb gjurm\u00eb t\u00eb pashlyeshme n\u00eb historin\u00eb kulturore t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve me organizimin e Kuvendit t\u00eb Arbrit m\u00eb 1703, si dhe themelimin e kolonis\u00eb arbneshe n\u00eb Zar\u00eb t\u00eb Dalmacis\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Me origjin\u00eb shqiptare ose nga Shqip\u00ebria q\u00eb b\u00ebn\u00eb karrier\u00eb n\u00eb Kotorr ose p\u00ebrmes Kotorrit jan\u00eb edhe mjeshtri i artit argjendaresk Andrija Izat, mjeku Spani, Zagur\u00ebt, e deri te shkrimtarja Ida Verona.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrlidhje e k\u00ebtill\u00eb e bokel\u00ebve me arb\u00ebr, malazez\u00eb, dalmatinas e t\u00eb tjer\u00eb ka mbijetuar edhe n\u00eb diaspor\u00ebn e tyre n\u00eb Venedik, me shum\u00eb shembuj t\u00eb komunikimit njer\u00ebzor, por edhe asi politik e farefisnor si ai i dinastit malazez \u0110ura\u0111 (Zorzi) C\u00ebrnjevi\u0107 e daj\u00ebs s\u00eb tij Konstain Arianti, q\u00eb shpeshher\u00eb e ka protezhuar n\u00eb gadishullin italik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Aspekti ushtarak dhe episodi me pirat\u00ebt ulqinak\u00eb<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u2019do mend, n\u00eb k\u00ebto relacione t\u00eb gjata t\u00eb Bok\u00ebs s\u00eb Kotorrit e t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve, \u00ebsht\u00eb edhe aspekti ushtarak. Stradiot\u00ebt, me shumic\u00eb shqiptar\u00eb ishin pjes\u00eb e k\u00ebsaj storje, por edhe komandant\u00eb e vojvoda si Mazrreku n\u00eb luft\u00ebn e Shkodr\u00ebs, apo Fran Dukagjini q\u00eb la jet\u00ebn duke komanduar p\u00ebrpjekjen veneciane p\u00ebr lirimin e Hercegnovit nga osman\u00ebt n\u00eb 1572 apo sejmen\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb, q\u00eb m\u00eb von\u00eb ishin mbrojt\u00ebsit kryesor\u00eb t\u00eb Hercegnovit osman kund\u00ebr aleanc\u00ebs krishtere gjat\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Mores\u00eb m\u00eb 1687.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Episod i nd\u00ebrlidhur k\u00ebtu jan\u00eb edhe p\u00ebrleshjet e pirat\u00ebve ulqinak\u00eb e atyre nga Perasti, q\u00eb lan\u00eb nam e histori.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Po ashtu, nj\u00eb jet\u00eb e nd\u00ebrthurur e shqiptar\u00ebve, bokel\u00ebve, dalmat\u00ebve, malazez\u00ebve e t\u00eb tjer\u00ebve u vazhdua n\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb interesante shk\u00ebmbimesh e solidaritetesh n\u00eb diaspor\u00eb, pas largimit n\u00eb Venedik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kotorri dhe arbrit n\u00eb mes gjeografis\u00eb e gjeopolitik\u00ebs<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kontaktet e Kotorrit me shqiptar\u00ebt jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb gjata e t\u00eb shtrira n\u00eb koh\u00eb e hap\u00ebsir\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kur thuhet koh\u00eb \u2013 ajo kap nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb, q\u00eb p\u00ebrkufizohet edhe n\u00eb studimin ton\u00eb, pra, q\u00eb i bie q\u00eb nga p\u00ebrurimi i katedrales ikonike t\u00eb Kotorrit m\u00eb 1166 e deri te fund i Kotorrit venecian (1797).<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kjo ngaq\u00eb q\u00eb nga ngjarja qendrore e promovimit t\u00eb katedrales s\u00eb Sh\u00ebn Tripunit, ku arb\u00ebror\u00ebt p\u00ebrmenden specifikisht p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb rolin pothuajse qendror t\u00eb manifestimit m\u00eb se simbolik \u2013 e kap tutje t\u00ebr\u00eb mesjet\u00ebn me shum\u00eb zhvillime historike, por, q\u00eb shkon edhe p\u00ebrtej saj \u2013 bazuar nga logjika e Albanias Venicane q\u00eb edhe pas 1571 (kur bien Ulqini e Tivari), shihet fundamentalisht e lidhur me Kotorrin venecian apo me Albania Venetan, deri n\u00eb fundin historik t\u00eb Serrenismas (1797). Nj\u00eb p\u00ebrkufizim i till\u00eb, q\u00eb nuk ndjek taksativisht e kronologjikisht ngjarjet, por i kap ato n\u00eb tema t\u00eb shtruara e ese historike \u2013 besojm\u00eb e ka logjik\u00ebn e vet q\u00eb shkon p\u00ebrtej nj\u00eb periodizimi klasik, sepse ka p\u00ebrfillur m\u00eb tep\u00ebr logjik\u00ebn e zhvillimeve dhe ngjarjeve reale e me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi n\u00eb relacionet e pasura t\u00eb Bok\u00ebs s\u00eb Kotorrit me shqiptar\u00ebt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Tekefundit, nj\u00eb p\u00ebrkufizim i till\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi edhe p\u00ebr vet\u00eb Kotorrin dhe Venedikun si binom i pashma\u00acngsh\u00ebm i k\u00ebsaj historie Por, po ashtu lidhet me vet\u00eb em\u00ebrtimin ambicioz jo t\u00eb paq\u00ebllimsh\u00ebm historik t\u00eb Albanias Venciane apo t\u00eb Dalmatia at Albania, q\u00eb jetoi sa edhe vet\u00eb Republika e Venedikut. N\u00eb fakt, p\u00ebrse mu Albania Venetia \u2013 \u00ebsht\u00eb pjes\u00eb me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi e trajtimit ton\u00eb n\u00eb lib\u00ebr? Nga k\u00ebtu besojm\u00eb se arsyetohet p\u00ebrkufizimi kohor e tematik i k\u00ebtij libri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kur flitet p\u00ebr hap\u00ebsir\u00eb e gjeografi kontaktesh \u2013 edhe kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb po ashtu intensive si komunikim historik i e shtri\u00acr\u00eb mjaft territorialisht. Kontaktet e Kotorrit me shqiptar\u00ebt jan\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb gjeografie t\u00eb shtrir\u00eb e shum\u00eb p\u00ebrfshir\u00ebse q\u00eb nga bregdeti e n\u00eb hinterland.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Komunikimi pra, ishte q\u00eb nga kontakti direkt mu pran\u00eb Kotorrit, me shqiptar\u00eb q\u00eb k\u00ebrkonin fatin n\u00eb af\u00ebrsi t\u00eb domeneve kotorrase, ku edhe Albanenses gjejn\u00eb vend n\u00eb Statutit e qytetit. Arb\u00ebror\u00ebt p\u00ebrmenden n\u00eb distriktin jasht\u00eb mureve t\u00eb Kotorrit, n\u00eb Lushtica e vende t\u00eb tjera, apo duke sh\u00ebrbyer si pun\u00ebtor\u00eb, sh\u00ebrb\u00ebtor\u00eb n\u00eb qytet, tregtar\u00eb, por edhe mjek\u00eb e tregtar\u00eb q\u00eb kishin bashkinvestime me kotorrasit sikurse durrsaku Merkur Zguri.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Me rrug\u00eb tok\u00ebsore Kotorri ka pasur komunikime, sidomos ato q\u00eb shpinin kah liqeni i Shkodr\u00ebs e tutje edhe n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb e brend\u00ebsi t\u00eb Ballkanit. Kotorri ishte liman i privilegjuar gjat\u00eb Nemanjiq\u00ebve dhe tregtia me brend\u00ebsin\u00eb e Ballkanit, sidomos me Kosov\u00ebn, ishte e gjall\u00eb dhe kishte t\u00eb b\u00ebnte sidomos me xehet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kisha katolike n\u00eb Novob\u00ebrd\u00eb, drith\u00ebrat dhe kripa e Vlor\u00ebs<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Kisha katolike n\u00eb Novob\u00ebrd\u00eb ka qen\u00eb n\u00eb juridiksionin administrativ t\u00eb Kotorrit. Ishin shum\u00eb prift\u00ebrinj shqiptar\u00eb q\u00eb sh\u00ebrbenin n\u00eb Kotorr ose n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb, e q\u00eb ishin t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlidhur, sidomos vikari Tanush gjat\u00eb koh\u00ebs kur Kotorri ishte n\u00ebn Venedik. P\u00ebr Kotorrin qasja e leht\u00eb n\u00eb xehe n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb gjat\u00eb mesjet\u00ebs ishte me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi, andaj komunikimi ishte i gjall\u00eb dhe i shpesht\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebrve\u00e7 rrug\u00ebve tok\u00ebsore, ato detare b\u00ebn\u00eb q\u00eb Kotorri t\u00eb ket\u00eb kontakte me pothuajse gjith\u00eb bregdetin e Shqip\u00ebris\u00eb dhe me limanet detare dhe ato t\u00eb deltave lumore q\u00eb lidheshin me Adriatikun e Jonin. Kjo rridhte nga lidhja ekonomike e Bok\u00ebs s\u00eb Kotorrit, por edhe e Zet\u00ebs dhe bregdetit t\u00eb saj, madje kjo lidhje ishte tradicionale me hap\u00ebsirat shqiptare dhe mjaft e natyrshme, sidomos me Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb e Veriut, e q\u00eb erdhi e u zgjerua edhe me hap\u00ebsira t\u00eb tjera ku jetonin shqiptar\u00ebt, sidomos me Durr\u00ebs e Vlor\u00eb, Shkodr\u00ebn dhe liqenin e saj e me lumin Buna q\u00eb lidhte edhe limanet e saj me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi si Sh\u00ebn Shirgji; tutje Lezha apo Sh\u00ebngjini (Medua), Shufadaja e Zakarijave apo e Kastriot\u00ebve; por edhe me nj\u00eb varg limanesh lumore n\u00eb pik\u00ebtakimet me det \u2013 q\u00eb nga Buna shum\u00eb aktive deri n\u00eb Dri, Ish\u00ebm, e skelave lumore q\u00eb puqeshin me detin n\u00eb mes t\u00eb Shkumbinit e Devollit, Vurg, Pirg, kah Sallanca e Karavstaja, e deri posht\u00eb n\u00eb Santo Cataldo etj.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sjellja e par\u00eb e sh\u00ebnuar e drith\u00ebrave shqiptar\u00eb n\u00eb Kotorr daton n\u00eb vitin 1335, kur nj\u00eb kotorrasit iu lejua nj\u00eb kredi nga dy bashk\u00ebqytetar\u00eb. Q\u00eb at\u00ebher\u00eb e deri n\u00eb shek. XV kishte komunikim intensiv detar n\u00eb mes t\u00eb Kotorrit e limaneve shqiptare. Por, ky itinerar naval ishte edhe m\u00eb kompleks: kishte raste kur kotorrasit pajtoheshin p\u00ebr tregti e transport n\u00eb mes t\u00eb limaneve n\u00eb Arb\u00ebri dhe Dalmaci (Zar\u00eb, Shibenik dhe Trogir e Split), por ato p\u00ebrfshinin dhe destinacione t\u00eb treta, sikurse n\u00eb janar 1438 kur kapiten i barkusij\u00ebs Drago Lukin Drago ngarkonte drith\u00eb n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs dhe pastaj e shpinte n\u00eb Zar\u00eb, ku q\u00ebndronte nj\u00eb dit\u00eb dhe pastaj vazhdonte rrug\u00ebn p\u00ebr n\u00eb Venedik. Ngjash\u00ebm dy persona nga Crnilat (Tivat) zotoheshin se do t\u2019i transportonin nj\u00eb kotorrasi drith\u00eb nga Buna.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Shkodrani Ka\u00e7apoli huazoi anijen \u2013 barkusij\u00ebn \u2013 nga Kotorri p\u00ebr t\u00eb transportuar plumb dhe drith\u00eb p\u00ebr n\u00eb Venedik duke lundruar dhe q\u00ebndruar n\u00eb Cres e Osor.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00eb 1439, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 se n\u00eb Bun\u00eb e Pirg, u zgjeruan vijat tregtare edhe n\u00eb drejtim t\u00eb jugut, n\u00eb mes t\u00eb Kotorrit dhe Vlor\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por, Vlora njihej edhe p\u00ebr nj\u00eb produkt q\u00eb e d\u00ebshironin kotorrasit \u2013 krip\u00ebn. Gjat\u00eb fundit t\u00eb shek. XIV Kotorri gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetet n\u00eb kriporet e Vlor\u00ebs p\u00ebr furnizim.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Raste si ky m\u00eb posht\u00eb ka shum\u00eb: nj\u00eb barkusij\u00eb e Radoslav Cenzic ishte marr\u00eb nga Alergret Medoje n\u00eb Bun\u00eb, Lezh\u00eb, Durr\u00ebs, Pirg, dhe Vlor\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar grur\u00eb, drith\u00ebra dhe mallra t\u00eb tjera n\u00eb vende t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr \u00e7ka duhej shpenzuar 15 dit\u00eb dhe p\u00ebr \u00e7do thes drith\u00eb pasonte pagesa prej 3 grosh\u00ebve prej Durr\u00ebsit n\u00eb Kotorr apo 3,5 grosh\u00eb n\u00eb relacionin Vlor\u00eb-Pirg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb vjesht\u00ebn e vitit 1440 furnizimi p\u00ebr Kotorr dhe Venedik kryesisht b\u00ebhej nga Sh\u00ebn Shirgji n\u00eb Bun\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Perasti dhe marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e fuqishme me Durr\u00ebsin<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por, nuk kishte vet\u00ebm Kotorri raporte intensive me limanet shqiptare. Perasti nd\u00ebrtoi relacione t\u00eb konsoliduara tregtare me limanet shqiptare saq\u00eb n\u00eb moment krijoi edhe nj\u00eb ep\u00ebrsi ndaj t\u00eb tjer\u00ebve n\u00eb Bok\u00eb t\u00eb Kotorrit e m\u00eb gjer\u00eb. Ata nd\u00ebrtuan marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie t\u00eb fuqishme sidomos me Durr\u00ebsin.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Krahas Perastit, n\u00eb Durr\u00ebs operonin mjaft edhe detar\u00ebt tregtar\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00eb bokel\u00eb, sikurse ata nga Dobrota dhe Prqanji.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por, Perasti kishte nj\u00eb konkurrent q\u00eb e godiste fuqish\u00ebm \u2013 flot\u00ebn ulqinake e pirat\u00ebrin\u00eb, q\u00eb u forcua n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb detit. Nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjera, duhani u b\u00eb artikull i shpesht\u00eb i transportit, krahas artikujve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebrkuar nga Durr\u00ebsi n\u00eb distanca t\u00eb ndryshme. Ndon\u00ebse konkurrenca ulqinake, por edhe e shkodran\u00ebve ishte e fort\u00eb, prap\u00ebseprap\u00eb, bokel\u00ebt ruajt\u00ebn disi prestigjin n\u00eb transportin e duhanit nga Durr\u00ebsi p\u00ebr n\u00eb Venedik gjat\u00eb koh\u00ebs kur osman\u00ebt po kontrollonin shumic\u00ebn e tokave shqiptare dhe t\u00eb Ballkanit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gjeografia e kontakteve Kotorr – hap\u00ebsira shqiptare u b\u00eb edhe m\u00eb e gjer\u00eb n\u00eb brend\u00ebsi gjat\u00eb shek. XVII kur vizitor\u00eb papal\u00eb e kleri i lart\u00eb katolik p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs p\u00ebr hap\u00ebsirat shqipfol\u00ebse po mbanin fijet e shk\u00ebputura me bashk\u00ebsit\u00eb katolike shqiptare n\u00eb Shqip\u00ebrin\u00eb Veriore e t\u00eb Mesme dhe n\u00eb Kosov\u00eb. Por, me raste, ky komunikim prekte edhe Himar\u00ebn n\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekjet e dikurshme unijate. N\u00eb fakt, ky mision katolik, kjo rrug\u00eb q\u00eb lidhte gadishullin italik me hap\u00ebsirat shqipfol\u00ebse, detyrimisht kalonte nga Kotorri, sepse ky qytet bregdetar ishte hallka e fundit e zinxhirit logjistik ku mbylleshin pagesat p\u00ebr k\u00ebto misione. Kotorrasit Bolica, q\u00eb b\u00ebn\u00eb dinastin\u00eb e tyre t\u00eb njohur postare, instrumentale p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbajtur komunikimin venecian n\u00eb brend\u00ebsin\u00eb ballkanike deri n\u00eb Stamboll, mb\u00ebshteteshin n\u00eb lidhjet e tyre t\u00eb krijuara me interlokutor\u00eb nga brend\u00ebsia q\u00eb ishin bart\u00ebs t\u00eb mesazheve, kurir\u00eb e postier\u00eb, por nj\u00ebkoh\u00ebsisht dhe njoh\u00ebs t\u00eb shk\u00eblqyer t\u00eb terrenit e rrug\u00ebve malore t\u00eb kontinentit. Nj\u00ebjt\u00eb, Zmajeviq\u00ebt e Perastit, q\u00eb pat\u00ebn shum\u00eb lidhje me brend\u00ebsin\u00eb shqipfol\u00ebse n\u00eb rolin e argjipeshk\u00ebve t\u00eb Tivarit, ishin shum\u00eb t\u00eb familjarizuar me rrug\u00ebt e brend\u00ebsis\u00eb ballkanike ku jetonin shqiptar\u00ebt. Perasti ishte dhe nj\u00eb lloj stacioni para nisjes n\u00eb k\u00ebto rrug\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Vijon n\u00eb numrin e ardhsh\u00ebm t\u00eb Shtojc\u00ebs p\u00ebr kultur\u00eb<\/em><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Fusnotat jan\u00eb hequr nga Redaksia. Mestitujt jan\u00eb t\u00eb Redaksis\u00eb<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\/Marr\u00eb nga KohaNet\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Boka e Kotorrit, ilustrim i Pierre Mortier rreth vitit 1700 Nga\u00a0Ylber Hysa* Fokusimi yn\u00eb i komunikimit t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve me Kotorrin dhe gjirin e tij, \u00ebsht\u00eb kryesisht i kontekstit mesjetar. Pra, nuk ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj\u00eb me antik\u00ebn ku Boka e Kotorrit luajti nj\u00eb rol esencial p\u00ebr fatin e kuptimin e Iliris\u00eb. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb aspekt, komunikimi i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":40518,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"%%post_title%% %%sep%% %%sitetitle%%","_seopress_titles_desc":"%%post_excerpt%%","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-40514","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualitet","category-kulture"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40514","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=40514"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40514\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":40520,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/40514\/revisions\/40520"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/40518"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=40514"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=40514"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=40514"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}