{"id":39316,"date":"2025-04-21T10:16:48","date_gmt":"2025-04-21T08:16:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=39316"},"modified":"2025-04-21T10:16:48","modified_gmt":"2025-04-21T08:16:48","slug":"nje-autoktoni-ne-shitje-per-iluzionin-e-zhvillimit-ekonomik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=39316","title":{"rendered":"“Nj\u00eb autoktoni n\u00eb shitje p\u00ebr iluzionin e zhvillimit ekonomik”"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Sot shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi gjenden p\u00ebrball\u00eb nj\u00eb padrejt\u00ebsie epistemike dhe shkeljes m\u00eb t\u00eb paprecedent\u00eb t\u00eb s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb tok\u00ebs s\u00eb popujve autokton\u00eb, s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarrjes efektive n\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjet q\u00eb i prekin ata dhe t\u00eb drejtave fundamentale dhe t\u00eb panegociueshme civile dhe politike t\u00eb njeriut.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nga Rina Muhaj<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u201cKur misionar\u00ebt mb\u00ebrrit\u00ebn n\u00eb Afrik\u00eb, afrikan\u00ebt e kishin tok\u00ebn kurse misionar\u00ebt Bibl\u00ebn. Ata na m\u00ebsuan se si t\u00eb luteshim me sy mbyllur. Kur hap\u00ebm syt\u00eb, ata e kishin tok\u00ebn, kurse ne Bibl\u00ebn\u201d. \u2013 Jomo Kenyatta.
Si nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr aktivist\u00ebt m\u00eb t\u00eb njohur antikolonialist\u00eb, Jomo Kenyatta, ish-president i Kenias, besonte se sundimet koloniale duhet t\u00eb merrnin fund. Ndon\u00ebse nj\u00eb figur\u00eb shpesh e kritikuar p\u00ebr kund\u00ebrth\u00ebniet politike nd\u00ebrmjet aktivitetit t\u00eb tij antikolonialist dhe regjimit autoritar q\u00eb m\u00eb pas nd\u00ebrtoi, sipas tij, lufta ndaj pabarazive sociale, panafrikanizmi autokton, pavar\u00ebsia ekonomike dhe shp\u00ebrndarja e barabart\u00eb e t\u00eb mirave, duhej t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebnin thelbin e ideologjis\u00eb politike t\u00eb kontinentit. Dekolonizimi u b\u00eb i pandalsh\u00ebm n\u00eb Afrik\u00eb \u2013 m\u00eb 1963 Kenia u pavar\u00ebsua dhe Kenyatta u b\u00eb presidenti i saj i par\u00eb. Trash\u00ebgimia kolonialiste n\u00eb Afrik\u00eb megjithat\u00eb vazhdoi. N\u00eb periudh\u00ebn postkoloniale, dilemat nd\u00ebrmjet fundit t\u00eb kolonizimit dhe vazhdimit t\u00eb pranis\u00eb s\u00eb kolonialitetit u b\u00ebn\u00eb epiqendra e studimeve t\u00eb kritik\u00ebve t\u00eb k\u00ebtij procesi. Sipas tyre, bart\u00ebs t\u00eb asaj q\u00eb n\u00eb filozofin\u00eb politike afrikane quhet neokolonizim, nuk ishin m\u00eb zyrtarisht shtetet koloniale. Tashm\u00eb, ata ishin investitor\u00eb t\u00eb huaj t\u00eb korporatave shum\u00ebkomb\u00ebshe.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Misionar\u00ebt e rinj erdh\u00ebn s\u00ebrish n\u00eb Afrik\u00eb. K\u00ebsaj radhe nuk po vinin me \u201cmisionin civilizues\u201d p\u00ebr popujt e prapambetur indigjen\u00eb. Tani, misioni i ri val\u00ebvitej me flamujt e zhvillimit ekonomik. Ajo q\u00eb mbeti e nj\u00ebjta ishte mjeti k\u00ebmbyes: toka e popujve indigjen. Sot n\u00eb Afrik\u00eb llogaritet t\u00eb ket\u00eb dhjet\u00ebra milion\u00eb hektar\u00eb tok\u00eb t\u00eb dh\u00ebn\u00eb me koncesion investitor\u00ebve t\u00eb huaj. N\u00eb krye t\u00eb k\u00ebtij ekspansioni t\u00eb investimeve q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb edhe Emiratet e Bashkuara Arabe.
Kompleksiteti i ndikimit q\u00eb kan\u00eb investimet e huaja n\u00eb Kenia dhe Afrik\u00eb nuk ka nj\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigje t\u00eb mbar\u00ebpranuar. Projektet industriale dhe komerciale t\u00eb shkall\u00ebs s\u00eb gjer\u00eb n\u00eb bujq\u00ebsi, industrin\u00eb e minierave, prodhimtarin\u00eb e biokarburanteve, turiz\u00ebm apo infrastruktur\u00eb mund edhe t\u00eb sjellin zhvillim ekonomik. Ato megjithat\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb shumt\u00ebn e rasteve nuk kan\u00eb qen\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00ebpritura nga popujt indigjen\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb shpron\u00ebsimit dhe eksploatimit, dhe sidomos p\u00ebr shkakun se interesi ekonomik nuk mund t\u00eb sakrifikoj\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e tyre t\u00eb njohur nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtarisht mbi tok\u00ebn. Ajo n\u00ebnkupton nj\u00eb shkall\u00eb t\u00eb caktuar autoriteti mbi t\u00eb. \u00cbsht\u00eb e drejta e zot\u00ebrimit, p\u00ebrdorimit, zhvillimit dhe kontrollimit t\u00eb tok\u00ebs dhe resurseve t\u00eb saj; e drejta e p\u00ebrcaktimit t\u00eb prioriteteve dhe strategjive p\u00ebr zhvillim; dhe posa\u00e7\u00ebrisht e drejta e informimit paraprak, konsultimit, marrjes s\u00eb p\u00eblqimit dhe dakordimit me indigjen\u00ebt para nd\u00ebrmarrjes s\u00eb \u00e7do veprimtarie n\u00eb t\u00eb.
Malin e Zi dhe Kenian mund t\u2019i ndanj\u00eb mij\u00ebra kilometra distanc\u00eb gjeografike dhe realitete krejt\u00ebsisht t\u00eb ndryshme historike, politike dhe kulturore. P\u00ebrpjekja p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtuar lidhje analogjike nd\u00ebrmjet tyre ngre nj\u00eb s\u00ebr\u00eb implikimesh. N\u00eb parim, kolonizimi si dukuri historike n\u00eb konceptimin klasik t\u00eb tij mund t\u00eb mos ket\u00eb qen\u00eb kurr\u00eb i nj\u00ebtrajtsh\u00ebm nd\u00ebr ne me at\u00eb q\u00eb njohim n\u00eb Jugun Global. Por ajo q\u00eb sot d\u00ebshmojm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb konfirmim i premis\u00ebs se popujt autokton\u00eb megjithat\u00eb ndajn\u00eb nj\u00eb fat t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt. Nga populli Sami n\u00eb shtetet Nordike e deri te Maori n\u00eb Zeland\u00ebn e Re, betejat e p\u00ebrditshme t\u00eb autokton\u00ebve sillen rreth t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtit strumbullar: e drejta fundamentale e tok\u00ebs dhe dekolonizimi i besimit se ekzistojn\u00eb popuj inferior\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb aft\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebzhvillohen ekonomikisht, politikisht apo kulturalisht, dhe se p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb kan\u00eb nevoj\u00eb p\u00ebr \u201ct\u00eb huaj\u201d q\u00eb do t\u00eb vler\u00ebsojn\u00eb potencialin e burimeve t\u00eb tyre t\u00eb pashfryt\u00ebzuara duke i kapitalizuar ato.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sot, popujt indigjen\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00eb rreth 6% t\u00eb popullsis\u00eb globale, posedojn\u00eb \u00e7erekun e sip\u00ebrfaqes tok\u00ebsore, e cila jo rast\u00ebsisht p\u00ebrmban 80% t\u00eb biodiversitetit t\u00eb mbetur n\u00eb tok\u00eb. Prandaj, shpesh quhen \u201cgardian\u00ebt\u201d e saj. E gjith\u00eb kjo buron nga fakti q\u00eb toka \u00ebsht\u00eb elementi m\u00eb jetik dhe i pandash\u00ebm i qen\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb tyre. Duke qen\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00ebt, popuj rr\u00ebnj\u00ebsor\u00eb, autokton\u00ebt kultivojn\u00eb nj\u00eb lidhje shpirt\u00ebrore t\u00eb pazakont\u00eb me tok\u00ebn, e cila nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e nj\u00ebjt\u00eb si ajo q\u00eb kan\u00eb individ\u00ebt tjer\u00eb. Studiuesit e popujve autokton\u00eb v\u00ebrejn\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebrderisa p\u00ebr t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt e drejta e tok\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb thjesht e drejt\u00eb e pron\u00ebs, p\u00ebr indigjen\u00ebt \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb se aq, meq\u00eb n\u00eb besimin e tyre ata nuk e zot\u00ebrojn\u00eb tok\u00ebn, por toka i zot\u00ebron ata. Rrjedhimisht, toka nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb as territor, as burim ekonomik, e as mjet prodhues \u2013 \u00ebsht\u00eb identitet dhe p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsi, mbijetesa mij\u00ebvje\u00e7are dhe trash\u00ebgimia e lasht\u00eb, e kaluara e t\u00eb par\u00ebve dhe e ardhmja e pasardh\u00ebsve, \u00ebsht\u00eb e gjith\u00eb m\u00ebnyra e jet\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre tradicionale, shpirt\u00ebrore, kulturore, sociale dhe ekonomike. \u00cbsht\u00eb edhe sovraniteti i tyre historikisht i cunguar. Lufta e tyre p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e tok\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb luft\u00eb jete a vdekjeje, meq\u00eb autokton\u00ebve po u more tok\u00ebn u ke marr\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebrball\u00eb nj\u00eb sfide t\u00eb till\u00eb sot gjenden edhe shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi. Marr\u00ebveshja nd\u00ebrmjet qeveris\u00eb s\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi dhe Emirateve t\u00eb Bashkuara Arabe me iden\u00eb e projektit t\u00eb shkall\u00ebs s\u00eb gjer\u00eb n\u00eb Ulqin, n\u00ebp\u00ebrmjet s\u00eb cil\u00ebs jepet me koncesion nj\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb prej 20 milion m\u00b2 p\u00ebr plot 99 vite krijon nj\u00eb ambivalenc\u00eb q\u00ebndrimesh. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb n\u00eb fakt jan\u00eb t\u00eb qart\u00eb n\u00eb mendimet e tyre. Mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebsit flasin me gjuh\u00ebn e ekonomis\u00eb s\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar dhe komercializmit, kurse retorika e kritik\u00ebve do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrmblidhej n\u00eb kat\u00ebr togfjal\u00ebsha: munges\u00eb e transparenc\u00ebs, shkelje e legjislacionit t\u00eb prokurimit publik, shp\u00ebrfillje e komunitetit lokal dhe investim ekologjikisht i paq\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Por, a i kemi th\u00ebn\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha dhe a i kemi th\u00ebn\u00eb si do t\u00eb duhej? A e kemi amplifikuar z\u00ebrin ton\u00eb rreth elementit m\u00eb substancial t\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebsaj narrative?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb nj\u00eb vend tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb bot\u00ebs, me nj\u00eb dije dhe vet\u00ebdije m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb mbi autoktonin\u00eb, n\u00eb nj\u00eb hap\u00ebsir\u00eb m\u00eb aktive, m\u00eb funksionale dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb hapur qytetare, apo n\u00eb nj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm t\u00eb sistemit t\u00eb OKB-s\u00eb, n\u00eb K\u00ebshillin e Kombeve t\u00eb Bashkuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb Drejtat e Njeriut, n\u00eb Forumin e P\u00ebrhersh\u00ebm p\u00ebr \u00c7\u00ebshtjet e Popujve Indigjen\u00eb, ose n\u00eb Forumin e OKB-s\u00eb p\u00ebr Biznesin dhe t\u00eb Drejtat e Njeriut, nj\u00eb projekt i till\u00eb nuk do t\u00eb quhej investim, por land grabbing \u2013 grabitje, zaptim apo gllab\u00ebrim i tok\u00ebs, sepse p\u00ebrmbush secilin kusht t\u00eb definuar nga Koalicioni Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar p\u00ebr Tok\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u2019u quajtur i till\u00eb. Shkelja e legjislacionit procedurial t\u00eb prokurimit publik nuk do t\u00eb vinte n\u00eb rend para shkeljes s\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb njeriut, meq\u00eb kjo e fundit \u00ebsht\u00eb i pari parim universal, \u00ebsht\u00eb baza themelore mbi t\u00eb cil\u00ebn duhet t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojm\u00eb dhe jo argument periferik q\u00eb e (keq)p\u00ebrdorim si t\u00eb na lev\u00ebrdis\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrkaq, komuniteti lokal nuk do t\u00eb toleronte asnj\u00ebher\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb thirret si i till\u00eb. Do t\u00eb k\u00ebmb\u00ebngulte n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e terminologjis\u00eb popull autokton ose pakic\u00eb, pasi e drejta nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare publike nuk njeh komunitete lokale si subjekte t\u00eb saj, nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb p\u00ebr pakicat dhe p\u00ebr popujt autokton\u00eb ka nj\u00eb sistem t\u00eb drejtash q\u00eb i mbron ata.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sot shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi gjenden p\u00ebrball\u00eb nj\u00eb padrejt\u00ebsie epistemike dhe shkeljes m\u00eb t\u00eb paprecedent\u00eb t\u00eb s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb tok\u00ebs s\u00eb popujve autokton\u00eb, s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarrjes efektive n\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjet q\u00eb i prekin ata dhe t\u00eb drejtave fundamentale dhe t\u00eb panegociueshme civile dhe politike t\u00eb njeriut. Dhe nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb flasin me gjuh\u00ebn e tyre, jan\u00eb t\u00eb vetmit shqiptar\u00ebt q\u00eb flasin me gjuh\u00ebn e t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve p\u00ebrpos t\u00eb vet\u00ebn. Shqiptar\u00ebt jan\u00eb edhe mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebs edhe kritik\u00eb, jan\u00eb n\u00eb mesin e strukturave qeveritare dhe opozit\u00ebs politike, jan\u00eb ambientalist\u00eb dhe ekspert\u00eb t\u00eb zhvillimit t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm, jan\u00eb mb\u00ebshtet\u00ebs t\u00eb patundur t\u00eb transparenc\u00ebs dhe kampion\u00eb t\u00eb luft\u00ebs kund\u00ebr korrupsionit. Jan\u00eb gjith\u00e7far\u00eb k\u00ebrkohet, p\u00ebrpos asaj q\u00eb pritet \u2013 t\u00eb jen\u00eb mbrojt\u00ebs t\u00eb t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb autoktonis\u00eb s\u00eb tyre.
Politika shqiptare ka sjell\u00eb nj\u00eb disonanc\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet asaj \u00e7far\u00eb jemi historikisht dhe \u00e7far\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsojm\u00eb politikisht. Ajo mbase nuk pati kurr\u00eb guximin e artikulimit dhe avokimit t\u00eb nj\u00ebmendt\u00eb, por e ka shnd\u00ebrruar qenien shqiptare n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi n\u00eb nj\u00eb mekaniz\u00ebm konsumues t\u00eb mir\u00ebqenies materiale, duke e b\u00ebr\u00eb pazar parimin, sistemin e vlerave dhe idealeve n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb llogarive ekonomike. Ka arritur t\u00eb indoktrinoj\u00eb me besimin se p\u00ebrfitimi ekonomik \u00ebsht\u00eb gjith\u00e7ka na duhet dhe sot po ky p\u00ebrfitim po paraqet k\u00ebrc\u00ebnim ekzistencial t\u00eb nj\u00eb populli autokton.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Rasti i Ulqinit nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb vet\u00ebm \u00e7\u00ebshtje e grabitjes s\u00eb tok\u00ebs \u2013 \u00ebsht\u00eb moment historik reflektimi, thirrje ndaj nj\u00eb heshtjeje shurdhuese q\u00eb r\u00ebndon drejt nj\u00eb vet\u00ebdije kolektive politike p\u00ebr t\u00eb d\u00ebshmuar autoktonin\u00eb dhe avokuar n\u00eb mbrojtjen e duhur ligjore p\u00ebr t\u00eb. Por shqiptar\u00ebt duhet t\u00eb dalin nga mend\u00ebsia mbyt\u00ebse e t\u00eb subordinuarit dhe viktim\u00ebs, e t\u00eb parashtrohen si aktor\u00eb zgjidhjesh. N\u00eb diskursin mbi Ulqinin, shqiptar\u00ebt duhet t\u00eb sjellin debatin mbi t\u00eb drejtat e popujve autokton\u00eb nga margjinat n\u00eb qend\u00ebr t\u00eb v\u00ebmendjes dhe t\u00eb zhvendosin kritik\u00ebn nga aspekti procedural, ekonomik dhe ekologjik drejt nj\u00eb dialogu m\u00eb gjith\u00ebp\u00ebrfshir\u00ebs.
Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb, misionar\u00ebt e zhvillimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrshpejtuar ekonomik jan\u00eb rrug\u00ebs p\u00ebr n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi. Se a do t\u00eb vendosin shqiptar\u00ebt t\u00eb q\u00ebndrojn\u00eb symbyllur do t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktoj\u00eb dilem\u00ebn rreth t\u00eb ardhmes s\u00eb Ulqinit, por edhe t\u00eb vet\u00eb ekzistenc\u00ebs s\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve si popull autokton. \/Koha Javore\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Sot shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi gjenden p\u00ebrball\u00eb nj\u00eb padrejt\u00ebsie epistemike dhe shkeljes m\u00eb t\u00eb paprecedent\u00eb t\u00eb s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb tok\u00ebs s\u00eb popujve autokton\u00eb, s\u00eb drejt\u00ebs s\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarrjes efektive n\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjet q\u00eb i prekin ata dhe t\u00eb drejtave fundamentale dhe t\u00eb panegociueshme civile dhe politike t\u00eb njeriut. Nga Rina Muhaj \u201cKur misionar\u00ebt mb\u00ebrrit\u00ebn n\u00eb Afrik\u00eb, […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":20230,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"%%post_title%% %%sep%% %%sitetitle%%","_seopress_titles_desc":"%%post_excerpt%%","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2,12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-39316","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualitet","category-opinione"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39316","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=39316"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39316\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":39319,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/39316\/revisions\/39319"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/20230"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=39316"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=39316"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=39316"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}