{"id":38483,"date":"2024-12-24T09:40:35","date_gmt":"2024-12-24T08:40:35","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=38483"},"modified":"2024-12-24T09:41:15","modified_gmt":"2024-12-24T08:41:15","slug":"etnonacionalizmi-serbo-malazez-dhe-patriotizmi-shqiptar","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=38483","title":{"rendered":"Etnonacionalizmi serbo-malazez dhe patriotizmi shqiptar"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"wp-block-post-featured-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"198\" height=\"238\" src=\"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/02\/Hajro-hajdari.png\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"Hajrullah Hajdari\" style=\"object-fit:cover;\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>Nga <strong>Hajrullah Hajdari<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Etnonacionalizmi apo nacionalizmi komb\u00ebtar \u00ebsht\u00eb form\u00eb e nacionalizmit n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin kombi dhe komb\u00ebsia definohen n\u00eb kuptimin e p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsis\u00eb etnike me theks t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb qasjen etnocentrike t\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve t\u00eb ndryshme politike t\u00eb lidhura me afirmimin nacioanal t\u00eb nj\u00eb grupi etnik nacional.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Parimi qendror i etnonacionalist\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb se kombet jan\u00eb definuar si trashigues q\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrbashk\u00ebt gjuh\u00ebn, fen\u00eb dhe prejardhjen etnike. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kuptim komb\u00ebt dhe komb\u00ebsit t\u00eb tjera mund t\u00eb klasifikohen si qytetar\u00eb t\u00eb rendit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nacionalizmi dhe etnonacionalizmi dallohen parasegjithash me marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnien me individin, nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb, dhe kombit, gjegj\u00ebsisht shtetit nga ana tjet\u00ebr, Nacionalizmi preferon t\u00eb kufizoj\u00eb fuqin\u00eb e pushtetit e n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb siguroj\u00eb t\u00eb drejtat qytetare, lirit\u00eb individuale dhe autonomin\u00eb. Nd\u00ebrkaq, entnonacionalizmi e <a>v\u00ebndos kombin mbi interesat dhe t\u00eb drejtat e individit<\/a>. P\u00ebr nacionalistet me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi \u00ebsht\u00eb dinjiteti dhe lumturia e individit, v\u00ebndosja e harmonis\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjet bashk\u00ebkomb\u00ebsave me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb individi t\u00eb \u00e7lirohet nga n\u00ebnshtrimi, vuajtjet dhe t\u00eb afirmoj\u00eb respektimin e individit, nd\u00ebrkaq etnonacionalist\u00ebt i g\u00ebzohen forc\u00ebs e cila her\u00ebt apo von\u00eb \u00e7on drejt\u00eb konflikteve t\u00eb grupeve entnonacionale, mbrojn\u00eb sakrific\u00ebn e individit p\u00ebr shtetin dhe pretendojn\u00eb &nbsp;&nbsp;n\u00ebnshtrimin ndaj d\u00ebshir\u00ebs kolektive (etnonacionalist\u00ebve).<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Marr\u00ebdheniet e njer\u00ebzve me shtetin, nd\u00ebrmjet k\u00ebtyre dy koncepteve, dallohen var\u00ebsisht se a jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb mjediset ku dominojn\u00eb ideologjia naciaonaliste apo ajo etnonacionaliste. Lidhur me dominimin e ideologjis\u00eb mund t\u00eb shtrohet pyetja: A \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb jesh nacionalist apo etnonacionalist!?<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>E cila do qoft\u00eb p\u00ebrgjigja, p\u00ebr shqiptar\u00ebt e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00ebnyra dhe niveli i realizimit t\u00eb aspitatave komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi, ku etnonacionalizmi po paraqitet si prioritet i pushtetit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Nacionalizmit dhe etnonacionalizmit<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00eb diskursin shkencor\u00eb nuk ekziston nj\u00eb pasqyrim i unifikuar nga teoricien\u00ebt p\u00ebr nocionin e nacionalizmit dhe etnonacionalizmit. Mbase etnonacionalizmi mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb i ngjajsh\u00ebm me shovenizmin pasi ky term p\u00ebrkufizohet si nacionaliz\u00ebm ekstrem q\u00eb ka p\u00ebr baz\u00eb mbizot\u00ebrimin e kombit t\u00eb vet mbi t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt dhe lavdin\u00eb komb\u00ebtare. Shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi, q\u00eb nga Kongresi i Berlinit dhe aneksimi nga Mali i Zi e deri n\u00eb dit\u00ebt e sotme jan\u00eb p\u00ebrballuar me t\u00eb dy k\u00ebto koncepte t\u00eb rrezikshme, n\u00eb forma t\u00eb ndryshme, por gjithmon\u00eb komb\u00ebsia shqiptare ka qen\u00eb e rrezikuar. N\u00eb koh\u00ebn e Principat\u00ebs s\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi qenia shqiptare ka qen\u00eb e rrezikuar t\u2019mer\u00ebsisht q\u00eb n\u00eb fillimet e saj. Ligji i par\u00eb p\u00ebr shkollat fillore shqiptar\u00ebve iu ndaloi m\u00ebsimin n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn amtare duke caktuar klas\u00ebt p\u00ebrgatitore nj\u00ebvje\u00e7are p\u00ebr nx\u00ebn\u00ebs q\u00eb nuk flisnin gjuh\u00ebn malazeze, pra p\u00ebrve\u00e7se nuk iu mund\u00ebsua m\u00ebsimi shqip ato qen\u00eb t\u00eb diskriminuar sepse shkollimi duhej t\u00eb zgjaste nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb shum\u00eb se p\u00ebr malazezt\u00eb.Si rrjedhoj\u00eb, shqiptar\u00ebt nuk kishin mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb pun\u00ebsohen n\u00eb administrat\u00ebn publike dhe vende tjera m\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi. Kjo situat\u00eb, ky n\u00ebnshtrim i popullat\u00ebs shqiptare vazhdoi deri n\u00eb fund t\u00eb Luft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb Bot\u00ebrore. Pra, shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kuptim mund t\u00eb konsideroheshin si qytetar\u00eb t\u00eb rendit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb. Edhe gjat\u00eb Jugosllavis\u00eb komuniste shqiptar\u00ebt nuk ishin t\u00eb barabart\u00eb me kombet dhe komb\u00ebsit t\u00eb tjera, Pabarazia shoq\u00ebrore dhe politike reflektohej n\u00eb numrin e t\u00eb shkolluar\u00ebve, t\u00eb pun\u00ebsuarve dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsimit n\u00eb organet dhe institucionet shtet\u00ebrore. Koha e pluralizmit politik apo e demokracis\u00eb deri n\u00eb Referendumin p\u00ebr pavar\u00ebsin\u00eb e Malit t\u00eb Zi, p\u00ebr shqiptar\u00ebt ishte vazhdim i vuajtjeve t\u00eb pasojave t\u00eb shovenizmit t\u00eb heshtur q\u00eb u reflektua n\u00eb ngjalljen e patriotizmit shqiptar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Patriotizmit shqiptar<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Parimisht, patriotizmi \u00ebsht\u00eb ndjenja e dashuris\u00eb, e krenaris\u00eb, e p\u00ebrkushtimit p\u00ebr atdheun.\u00a0T\u00eb qenit \u201cpatriotik\u201d\u00a0 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb nga domosdoshm\u00ebrit\u00eb e t\u00eb qenurit nj\u00eb \u201c\u00a0qytetar i mir\u00eb\u00a0\u201d, nj\u00eb qytetar i barabart\u00eb me t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt .\u00a0P\u00ebr shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi patriotizmi lidhet me dashurin\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar infrastruktur\u00ebn ligjore q\u00eb promovon lirin\u00eb, identitetin komb\u00ebtar, barazin\u00eb dhe zhvillimin kulturor dhe ekonomik n\u00eb p\u00ebrputhje me kapacitetet natyrore dhe n\u00eb nivel t\u00eb barabart\u00eb me t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Pas Referendumit n\u00eb vitin 2006 dhe shpalljes s\u00eb pavar\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi u krijuan kushtet p\u00ebr nj\u00eb zhvillim dinamik t\u00eb shoq\u00ebris\u00eb qytetare dhe multietnike. S\u00eb shpejti Mali i Zi paraqiti aplikimin p\u00ebr an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimin n\u00eb BE (2008), n\u00eb vitin 2010 Mali I Zi fitoi statusin e kandidatit p\u00ebr an\u00ebtar\u00ebsim, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb vitin 2012 Mali i Zi hape negocitat p\u00ebr t\u2019iu bashkangjitur BE. N\u00eb vitin 2017 Mali i Zi b\u00ebh\u00ebt an\u00ebtar me t\u00eb drejta t\u00eb plota n\u00eb NATO. Shikuar drejt kjo jepte shpres\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrmir\u00ebsimin dhe zbutjen e ndryshimeve n\u00eb p\u00ebrceptimin e koncepteve politike dhe zhvillimit t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm kulturor dhe ekonomik. Pik\u00ebrisht k\u00ebtu fillojn\u00eb problemet e Malit t\u00eb Zi me shfaqjen e tendencava etnonacionaliste, sidomos t\u00eb shumic\u00ebs politike malazeze dhe asaj proserbo-ruse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>P\u00ebrkund\u00ebr pritshm\u00ebris\u00eb se pas referendumit polirazimi i shoq\u00ebris\u00eb do t\u00eb zvoglohet, polarizimi b\u00ebhet gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb i ashp\u00ebr. \u00c7\u00ebshtjet e an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimit n\u00eb NATO, e marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve me bashk\u00ebsit\u00eb fetare, e njohjes s\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs si shtet i pavarur, marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet me Serbin\u00eb , zhvillimi i shtetit dhe marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e Gjukanoviqit me faktor\u00ebt tjer\u00eb politik\u00eb u b\u00ebn\u00eb pengesa serioze n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnjet nd\u00ebrnacionale dhe zhvillimore t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi. Gjat\u00eb gjith\u00eb k\u00ebsaj kohe, pothuajse t\u00eb gjith\u00eb akter\u00ebt e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm u munduan q\u00eb agjendat e tyre politike t\u2019i realizojn\u00eb duke ushqyer pasionet etnonacionaliste t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve, \u00e7ka do t\u00eb thot\u00eb se n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi ekziston\u00eb, jo vet\u00ebm etnonacionalizmi malazez\u00eb i cili kombin malazez e identifikon me shtetin, por edhe etnonacionalizmi serb i cili e konteston\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb dukuri. P\u00ebrderisa DPS-i vazhdonte t\u00eb fvorizonte fuqish\u00ebm politik\u00ebn e indetitetit t\u00eb kombit dhe shtetit malazez, opozita e udh\u00ebhequr nga Fronti Demokratik, vazhdonte t\u00eb kontestonte k\u00ebt\u00eb qasje politike, nd\u00ebrsa nga ana tjet\u00ebr proklamonte se serb\u00ebt n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi jan\u00eb t\u00eb rrezikuar dhe k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb, qoft\u00eb edhe me forc\u00eb, q\u00eb interest e popullit serb n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi t\u00eb p\u00ebrforcohen e t\u00eb mbizot\u00ebrojn\u00eb mbi t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt, gj\u00eb q\u00eb mund t\u00eb \u00e7oje drejt konflikteve t\u00eb grup\u00ebve etnonacionale. N\u00eb vitin 2020, opozita e bashkuar e udh\u00ebhequr nga DF-i, fitoi zgjedhjet, krijuan Qeverin\u00eb dhe e mor\u00ebn fatin e shtetit &nbsp;n\u00eb duart e tyre.K\u00ebshtu n\u00eb vend q\u00eb ndryshimet ideologjike t\u00eb zvoglohen ato po thellohen gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb shum\u00eb. T\u00eb dy opsionet ideologjike luftojn\u00eb p\u00ebr mbizot\u00ebrim ndaj nj\u00ebri tjetrit q\u00eb padyshim popujt pakic\u00eb i vendos n\u00eb pozit\u00eb inferiore dhe n\u00ebnshtruese. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kuptim shqiptar\u00ebt&nbsp; dhe pakicat tjera n\u00eb mar\u00ebdh\u00ebnje me etnonacionalist\u00ebt malazez\u00eb dhe serb\u00eb ose th\u00ebn\u00eb ndryshe n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnie me shtetin konsiderohen si qytetar\u00eb t\u00eb rendit t\u00eb dyt\u00eb. Reflektimi i shqiptar\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb qen\u00eb pjes\u00eb Qeveris\u00eb nga ky k\u00ebnd\u00ebv\u00ebshtrim \u00ebsht\u00eb pozitiv dhe sadopak e zbut ndikimin e etno nacionalisteve malazez\u00eb e sidomos atyre serb\u00eb n\u00eb lidhje me identitetin shqiptar n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb shtetit t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi. N\u00eb k\u00ebto rrethana politike patriotizmi i shqiptar\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb i domosdosh\u00ebm dhe meriton vemendje t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Megjithat\u00eb, patriotizmi, si shum\u00eb gj\u00ebra me q\u00ebllime t\u00eb mira, mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb i d\u00ebmsh\u00ebm kur&nbsp;<a href=\"https:\/\/www.greelane.com\/link?to=jingoism-4691810&amp;lang=sq&amp;alt=https:\/\/www.thoughtco.com\/jingoism-4691810&amp;source=patriotism-and-nationalism-4178864\">\u00e7ohet n\u00eb nj\u00eb ekstrem<\/a>, gj\u00eb q\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebt nuk e b\u00ebn\u00eb asnj\u00ebher\u00eb. Koha \u00ebsht\u00eb d\u00ebshmitare se shqiptar\u00ebt n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi asnj\u00ebher\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb vepruar n\u00eb d\u00ebm\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00ebve, p\u00ebrkundrazi kan\u00eb promovuar lirin\u00eb dhe barazin\u00eb me t\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt. Mendoj se shqiptar\u00ebt me k\u00ebrkesat e tyre p\u00ebr identitet komb\u00ebtar, barazi e zhvillim ekonomik nuk kan\u00eb promovuar nacionalizmin si dukuri apo shans\u00eb p\u00ebr realizimin e q\u00ebllimeve t\u00eb veta. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb kuptim shqiptar\u00ebt duhet t\u00eb jen\u00eb patriot\u00eb sepse t\u00eb reagosh dhe t\u00eb protestosh p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebn, simbolet, p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat e patjet\u00ebrsueshme, p\u00ebr dinjitet dhe integritet, natyrisht q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb patriotiz\u00ebm racional. P\u00ebr sa koh\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt kan\u00eb tendenca ndaj identitetit ton\u00eb komb\u00ebtar, ndaj zhvillimit kulturor dhe ekonomik shqiptar\u00ebt nuk mund t\u00eb rrin\u00eb duarkryq, duhet t\u00eb reagojn\u00eb, protestojn\u00eb, kontestojn\u00eb, mjafton q\u00eb mos t\u00eb kemi synime shoviniste.Askush nuk mund t\u00eb fshihet pas gjethes s\u00eb kozmopolitizmit dhe moderizmit apo duke u mbuluar me vellon e modernizmit. Prandaj elitat politike duhet t\u00eb demonstrojn\u00eb dhe d\u00ebshmojn\u00eb patriotiz\u00ebm n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim t\u00eb interesit publik dhe komb\u00ebtar, ose t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn t\u00eb mos e deformojn\u00eb at\u00eb n\u00eb funksion t\u00eb interesave t\u00eb tyre personale dhe financiare.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nga Hajrullah Hajdari Etnonacionalizmi apo nacionalizmi komb\u00ebtar \u00ebsht\u00eb form\u00eb e nacionalizmit n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin kombi dhe komb\u00ebsia definohen n\u00eb kuptimin e p\u00ebrkat\u00ebsis\u00eb etnike me theks t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb qasjen etnocentrike t\u00eb \u00e7\u00ebshtjeve t\u00eb ndryshme politike t\u00eb lidhura me afirmimin nacioanal t\u00eb nj\u00eb grupi etnik nacional. Parimi qendror i etnonacionalist\u00ebve \u00ebsht\u00eb se kombet jan\u00eb definuar si [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":34279,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"%%post_title%% %%sep%% %%sitetitle%%","_seopress_titles_desc":"%%post_excerpt%%","_seopress_robots_index":"","_seopress_analysis_target_kw":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2,12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-38483","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualitet","category-opinione"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38483","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=38483"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38483\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":38486,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/38483\/revisions\/38486"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/34279"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=38483"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=38483"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=38483"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}