{"id":33839,"date":"2023-01-01T12:33:33","date_gmt":"2023-01-01T11:33:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=33839"},"modified":"2023-01-01T12:35:16","modified_gmt":"2023-01-01T11:35:16","slug":"duhani-i-krajes-qe-ne-shekullin-xvii-shitej-ne-dubrovnik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=33839","title":{"rendered":"DUHANI I KRAJ\u00cbS Q\u00cb N\u00cb SHEKULLIN XVII SHITEJ N\u00cb DUBROVNIK"},"content":{"rendered":"<figure class=\"alignleft wp-block-post-featured-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" width=\"308\" height=\"262\" src=\"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/hajro-hajdari.jpg\" class=\"attachment-post-thumbnail size-post-thumbnail wp-post-image\" alt=\"\" style=\"object-fit:cover;\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/hajro-hajdari.jpg 308w, https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2016\/12\/hajro-hajdari-300x255.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 308px) 100vw, 308px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n<p>Nga <strong>Hajrullah Hajdari<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Duhani \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb bim\u00eb e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb kultivuar para mij\u00ebra vjet\u00ebsh n\u00eb kontinentin e Amerik\u00ebs e sidomos n\u00eb territorin e sot\u00ebm t\u00eb Meksisk\u00ebs dhe Brazilit. N\u00eb Evrop\u00eb kjo bim\u00eb ka qen\u00eb e panjohur deri n\u00eb vitin&nbsp; 1492 kur zbuluesi Kristofor Kolumbo kishte mb\u00ebrritur n\u00eb Bahama. Aty si dhurat\u00eb kishte marr\u00eb edhe disa gjethe t\u00eb thata t\u00eb duhanit t\u00eb cilat i solli n\u00eb Spanj\u00eb. Megjithate,&nbsp; 35 vitet e ardhshme Spanja duhanin e importonte nga Amerika.Sevila u shpall\u00eb qend\u00ebr bot\u00ebrore e duhanit, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb e gjith\u00eb sasia e duhanit q\u00eb shitej n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb patjet\u00ebr duhej t\u00eb kalonte n\u00ebp\u00ebr Sevil\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Fillimisht mendohej se kjo bim\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e sh\u00ebndetshme dhe n\u00eb medicin\u00eb p\u00ebrdorej p\u00ebr trajtimin e dhimbjeve trupore. Poeti&nbsp; i koh\u00ebs Antoni Shut, n\u00eb vitin 1592, n\u00eb pamfletin e tij \u201cDuhani\u201d theksonte se mjek\u00ebt e mbajn\u00eb t\u00eb fsheht\u00eb cil\u00ebsin\u00eb sh\u00ebruese t\u00eb duhanit pasi frigohen q\u00eb mos t\u00eb humbasin pun\u00ebn e tyre si mjek\u00eb!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Far\u00ebn p\u00ebr prodhimin e duhanit n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb i pari e solli anglezi Xhon Rolf, n\u00eb vitin 1612, nga kur edhe filloi prodhimi masiv i duhanit. P\u00ebrdorimi i duhanit p\u00ebr pirje shum\u00eb shpejt u p\u00ebrhap\u00eb n\u00eb gjith\u00eb Evrop\u00ebn. Ai p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb q\u00ebllim p\u00ebrdorej fillimisht n\u00eb shtetet e zhvilluara dhe qytetet me standarte t\u00eb larta e m\u00eb von\u00eb n\u00eb konsumimin e tij u p\u00ebrfshin\u00eb pothuajse t\u00eb gjitha shtresat e popullsis\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nuk na \u00ebsht\u00eb e njohur se kur ka filluar prodhimi dhe tregtimi i duhanit n\u00eb viset t\u00eb banuara me shqiptar\u00eb n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi. Por, dihet se Kraja, Mal\u00ebsia por edhe Ana e Malit, Ulqini dhe Tivari e kan\u00eb kultivuar k\u00ebt\u00eb bim\u00eb fitimprur\u00ebse s\u00eb paku q\u00eb n\u00eb fundin e shekullit XVII, pra vet\u00ebm disa vite m\u00eb von\u00eb nga se kishte filluar prodhimi i tij n\u00eb Evrop\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Duke qen\u00eb se n\u00eb fillim pirja e duhanit ishte privilegj iqytetar\u00ebve q\u00eb kishin standard m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb jet\u00ebsor, edhe tregun p\u00ebr shitjen e tij duhej k\u00ebrkuar n\u00eb shtetet apo qytetet m\u00eb t\u00eb zhvilluara.Padyshim, nj\u00eb nd\u00ebr qytetet m\u00eb t\u00eb zhvilluara t\u00eb koh\u00ebs, n\u00eb nj\u00eb larg\u00ebsi jo shum\u00eb t\u00eb madhe nga Shqip\u00ebria, ishte Dubrovniku. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb qytet shkodran\u00ebt, kranjan\u00ebt, ulqinak\u00ebt e tivarsit filluan tregtin\u00eb me shumic\u00eb t\u00eb duhanit i cili u b\u00eb shum\u00eb shpejt i njohur me emrin \u201cduhani shqiptar\u201d dhe si i till\u00eb k\u00ebrkohej n\u00eb tregun e Dubrovnikut. Nuk na \u00ebsht\u00eb e njohur se k\u00ebrkesa e madhe p\u00ebr k\u00ebt\u00eb duhan ishte si rezultat i cil\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb mir\u00eb apo \u00e7mimit konkurues!&nbsp; &nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>N\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb dokumenteve dhe akteve t\u00eb ruajtura n\u00eb Arkivin Shtet\u00ebror n\u00eb Dubrovnik, mb\u00ebrrijtja e par\u00eb e duhanit nga Shqip\u00ebria Veneciane (Albania Veneta) n\u00eb Dubrovnik, daton&nbsp; q\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1691. Tregtari Matija Orebiq, kishte sjellur n\u00eb Dubrovnik 11 thas\u00eb me \u201cduhan shqiptar\u201d. N\u00eb vitet e ardhshme u evidentuan edhe qindra raste t\u00eb tjera, fillimisht nga tregtar\u00ebt vendas (dubrovnikas) e m\u00eb von\u00eb edhe nga vet prodhuesit apo tregtar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb. Kjo tregon se tregtia me \u201cduhanin shqiptar\u201d, q\u00eb at\u00ebher\u00eb kishte karakter t\u00eb import-exporteve jo t\u00eb rast\u00ebsishme por t\u00eb veprimeve tranzite &nbsp;t\u00eb p\u00ebrhershme.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nd\u00ebrkaq, Librat evidentues t\u00eb ardhjes s\u00eb udhtar\u00ebve dhe mallrave n\u00eb Dubrovnik ekzistojn\u00eb vet\u00ebm nga viti 1716. Nga analiza e k\u00ebtyre librave mund t\u00eb konstatohet se \u201cduhani shqiptar\u201d ishte m\u00eb i k\u00ebrkuari dhe dominues n\u00eb tregun e Dubrovnikut, edhe pse ky qytet kishte tregti t\u00eb zhvilluar me krejt Ballkanin, Azin\u00eb e Vog\u00ebl dhe Meditarin.&nbsp; Nga ky territor i madh &nbsp;impertohej vet\u00ebm 1,5% e sasis\u00eb s\u00eb duhanit t\u00eb impertuar, nd\u00ebrsa pjesa tjet\u00ebr imprtohej, pothuajse e gjitha nga pellgu i Liqenit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs, ku b\u00ebn\u00eb pjes\u00eb edhe Kraja. N\u00eb periudh\u00ebn 1691-1815 n\u00eb &nbsp;Lazaretet e Dubrovnikut&nbsp; jan\u00eb evidentuar mbi 400 raste t\u00eb importit t\u00eb duhanit nga bazeni i Liqenit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs. Sasia dhe p\u00ebrqindja e duhanit t\u00eb eksportuar n\u00eb Dubrovnik, nga ky territor, nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohet sakt\u00ebsisht as nga dokumentet dhe aktet (sanita e tj.) t\u00eb disponueshme, ngase evidencat nuk jan\u00eb udh\u00ebhequr rregullisht ( ka vite q\u00eb jan\u00eb udh\u00ebhequr shum\u00eb pak\u00eb madje ka vite q\u00eb evidentimi zyrtar nuk ka qen\u00eb i obliguar, sidomos nga gjysma e dyt\u00eb e shekullit XVIII), shihen l\u00ebshime, parregullsi dhe nj\u00eb shumic\u00eb nga ata jan\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebmtuara. Sidoqoft\u00eb, p\u00ebr koh\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn b\u00ebh\u00ebt fjal\u00eb, sasija ka qen\u00eb e konsiderueshme, madje p\u00ebr arsyera q\u00eb i cek\u00ebm m\u00eb lart\u00eb, sasia ka qen\u00eb m\u00eb e madhe se n\u00eb dokumentet zyrtare. N\u00eb vitin fillestar, 1691 n\u00eb Dubrovnik kishin hyr\u00eb vet\u00ebm 330 kg (11 thas\u00eb), nd\u00ebrkaq\u00eb n\u00eb vitin 1782 arrin n\u00eb 31.200 kg. &nbsp;Caktimi i sakt\u00eb i volumit t\u00eb duhanit t\u00eb shitur n\u00eb Dubrovnik \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohet sepse matja e sasis\u00eb s\u00eb duhanit q\u00eb sillej n\u00eb tregun e Dubrovnikut shum\u00eb rrall\u00eb b\u00ebhej me nj\u00ebsit\u00eb mat\u00ebse t\u00eb rregullta (oka, libra) por, sigurisht p\u00ebr arsy praktike, p\u00ebr matjen e paketimeve \u00ebsht\u00eb marr\u00eb nj\u00eb vler\u00eb mesatare e nj\u00ebh\u00ebsimit, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb nj\u00eb ball\u00eb duhan \u00ebsht\u00eb llogoritur 60 kg nd\u00ebrsa nj\u00eb thes 30 kg. Nga librat e&nbsp; evidenc\u00ebs shohim se duhani paketohej n\u00eb: balla, thas\u00eb, shporta, fu\u00e7i, sanduk, kofa etj.dhe transportohej nga Shkodra, Buna, Ulqini dhe Tivari n\u00eb rrug\u00eb ujore (anije). Po ashtu nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e njohur se cili lloj i duhanit prodhohej n\u00eb pellgun e Liqenit t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs. Megjithate n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb disa p\u00ebrshkrimeve mund t\u00eb konstatohet se&nbsp; prodhohej duhani gjethmadh.N\u00eb tregun e Dubrovnikut ishte i njohur si \u201cORTA\u201d q\u00eb n\u00eb turqisht\u00eb do thot\u00eb \u201ci mes\u00ebm\u201d, gjeth i cili t\u00eb duhani gjethmadh m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti vler\u00ebsohet.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nga 400 rastet e evidentura t\u00eb importit t\u00eb duhanit n\u00eb Dubrovnik, nga 1691-1815, mund t\u00eb konstatojm\u00eb se rreth 80% t\u00eb eksportuesve&nbsp; jan\u00eb prodhuesit apo tregtar\u00ebt shqiptar\u00eb. Kjo tregon se n\u00eb trojet shqiptare t\u00eb pellgut t\u00eb Liqenit t\u00eb Shkodres prodhimi i duhanit ka filluar q\u00eb n\u00eb shekullin XVII.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\">\n<li><strong>Shumica e tregtarve t\u00eb duhanit ishin nga Kraja dhe Shkodra<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Po ashtu, n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb dokumenteve t\u00eb Lazarati n\u00eb Dubrovnik,&nbsp; \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb caktohet sakt\u00ebsisht territori i prodhimit t\u00eb duhanit t\u00eb shitur n\u00eb Dubrovnik. Dihet mir\u00eb se n\u00eb t\u00eb kaluar\u00ebn Kraja dhe Ana e Mali kan\u00eb qen\u00eb kryesisht t\u00eb orientuara n\u00eb tregun e Shkodr\u00ebs k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb ka mund\u00ebsi q\u00eb nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e duhanit u \u00ebsht\u00eb shitur shkodran\u00ebve t\u00eb cil\u00ebt n\u00eb dokumente paraqiten si eksportuesit m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdhenj ( nga 255.375 kg.\u201dduhan shqiptar\u00eb\u201d t\u00eb shitur n\u00eb Dubrovnik&nbsp; 118.835 kg i kan\u00eb tregtuar shkodran\u00ebt). Nga ana tjet\u00ebr n\u00eb shekullin XVII shqiptar\u00ebt si mbiem\u00ebr p\u00ebrdornin emrin e babait, gjyshit, titullit, zanatit apo prejardhjes s\u00eb tyre, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb kjo edhe m\u00eb shum\u00eb e v\u00ebshtir\u00ebson identifikimin e vendbanimeve t\u00eb tregtar\u00ebve t\u00eb duhanit n\u00eb Dubrovnik. Megjithate kryesisht n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb emrit dhe mbiemrit t\u00eb eksportuesve,&nbsp; po japim emrat e atyre t\u00eb cil\u00ebt, sipas mendimit tim, kan\u00eb qen\u00eb banor\u00eb t\u00eb Kraj\u00ebs, si prodhues apo tregtar\u00eb: <strong>1<\/strong>.<strong>Sulejman Kranja<\/strong>, 10.shkurt 1739, 120 kg, <strong>2<\/strong>. <strong>Ibrahim Bobo(sh)ta<\/strong>,18.shtator 1740, 420 kg.<strong>3<\/strong>.<strong>Shimun Kranja<\/strong>,9.mars1750, 870 kg, <strong>4<\/strong>.<strong>Ahmet Kranja<\/strong>,26 prill 1751, 60 kg, <strong>5<\/strong>. <strong>Ali Kranja<\/strong>, 4 korrik 1752, 150 kg dhe m\u00eb 5 tetor 1759, 4.500 kg, <strong>6<\/strong>.<strong>Haxhi Kranja<\/strong>, 5 n\u00ebntor 1753, 710 kg, <strong>7<\/strong>.<strong>Hysejn Lubani<\/strong>, 7 prill 1755, 150 kg, <strong>8<\/strong>.<strong>Nuro Kranja<\/strong>, &nbsp;21 prill 1775, 570kg, 24 qershor 1771,480 kg, 14 maj 1774, 240 kg, 10 prill 1777, 930 kg, 18 korrik 1777, 300 kg, 24 mars 1778, 360 kg, 26 maj 1779, 210 kg, 20 shtator 1780, 1290 kg dhe 26 shtator 1780 30 kg. <strong>9.Jusuf Kranja<\/strong>, 24 maj 1761, 1740 kg, <strong>10.Gec Kranja<\/strong>, 8 shkurt 1764, 60 kg dhe m\u00eb 12 maj 1782,1530 kg, <strong>11.Haro Kranja<\/strong>, 25 n\u00ebntor 1765, 120 kg, <strong>12.Mustaf\u00eb Kranja<\/strong>, 16 n\u00ebntor 1781,120 kg, 6 shkurt 1786,360 kg dhe m\u00eb 26 dhjetor 1789, 840 kg. <strong>13.Kapllan Kranja<\/strong>, 14 tetor 1784, 1000 kg dhe m\u00eb 9 shkurt 1787, 270 kg. T\u00eb gjith\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmendurit si vend t\u00eb eksportit kan\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebn.&nbsp;<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Si eksportues t\u00eb duhanit n\u00eb Dubrovnik, q\u00eb vend t\u00eb eksportit kishin Ulqinin, paraqiten: <strong>1.Ulqinaku Jakov<\/strong>, 21 janar 1721, 90 kg, <strong>2.Hoxha Ali<\/strong>, 19 shtator 1722, 360 kg, <strong>3.Rais Mehmet<\/strong>, 31 gusht 1722, 120 kg, <strong>4.Damir Ramo Turk<\/strong>, 29 tetor 1726, 60 kg, <strong>5.Usta Saro<\/strong>, 23 maj 1736, 30 kg, <strong>6.Hasan Omeri<\/strong>, 24 shkurt 1752, 1200 kg, <strong>7.Boshjatica Rais Liko<\/strong>, 7 qershor 1754, 120 kg. Nd\u00ebrkaq si eksportues t\u00eb cil\u00ebt si vend eksportues kishin Bun\u00ebn (bojana) paraqiten: <strong>1.Me(a)liq Derushi<\/strong>,25 maj 1723,240 kg, <strong>2.Mehmet \u00c7elebi,<\/strong> 7 qershor 1723, 840 kg, <strong>3.Anton Pa\u00e7e<\/strong>,10 mars 1729,690 kg,<strong>4. Domenik Kola<\/strong>,28 prill 1725, 300 kg, <strong>5.Mehmed Qatoviq<\/strong>, 14 prill 1733, 300 kg,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>6<\/strong>.<strong>Filip Shkodrani<\/strong>, 3 dhjetor 1793, 1020 kg, nd\u00ebrsa nga Tivari: <strong>1<\/strong>.<strong>Sefo Tur\u00e7in<\/strong>, 21 maj 1724,330 kg,<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>2.Ali Basha<\/strong>,3 prill 1734,120 kg, <strong>3.Hasan Mehmet<\/strong>,30 dhjetor 1737,840 kg, <strong>4.Sefer Shifula<\/strong>,29 prill 1741,840 kg,<strong>5<\/strong>.<strong>Ahmet Llunja<\/strong>,18 prill 1762, 2640 kg.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Nga sh\u00ebnimet e paraqitura mund t\u00eb konstatohet &nbsp;se prodhuesit e duhanit nga Kraja, Shkodra, Ulqini dhe Tivari kan\u00eb qen\u00eb p\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 130 vjet furnizuesit kryesor t\u00eb Dubrovnik me duhan. Natyrisht me ndryshimet thelb\u00ebsore ekonomike dhe politike n\u00eb fund t\u00eb shekullit XVIII, ndryshojn\u00eb edhe kushtet p\u00ebr plasmanin e duhanit, k\u00ebshtu q\u00eb kranjan\u00ebve dhe t\u00eb tjer\u00ebve u b\u00ebh\u00ebt pothuaj e pamundur shitja e duhanit n\u00eb rrug\u00eb legale n\u00eb Dubrovnik.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Nga Hajrullah Hajdari Duhani \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb bim\u00eb e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb kultivuar para mij\u00ebra vjet\u00ebsh n\u00eb kontinentin e Amerik\u00ebs e sidomos n\u00eb territorin e sot\u00ebm t\u00eb Meksisk\u00ebs dhe Brazilit. N\u00eb Evrop\u00eb kjo bim\u00eb ka qen\u00eb e panjohur deri n\u00eb vitin&nbsp; 1492 kur zbuluesi Kristofor Kolumbo kishte mb\u00ebrritur n\u00eb Bahama. Aty si dhurat\u00eb kishte marr\u00eb edhe disa [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":12045,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"none","_seopress_titles_title":"%%post_title%%","_seopress_titles_desc":"%%post_excerpt%%","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2,12],"tags":[3180,512,319],"class_list":["post-33839","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualitet","category-opinione","tag-duhani","tag-hajrullah-hajdari","tag-kraja"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33839","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=33839"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33839\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":33843,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/33839\/revisions\/33843"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/12045"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=33839"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=33839"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=33839"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}