{"id":29739,"date":"2021-08-26T16:13:57","date_gmt":"2021-08-26T14:13:57","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=29739"},"modified":"2021-08-26T16:13:57","modified_gmt":"2021-08-26T14:13:57","slug":"shoqeria-dhe-demokracia","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=29739","title":{"rendered":"SHOQ\u00cbRIA DHE DEMOKRACIA"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
\"\"<\/a><\/figure><\/div>\n\n\n\n

Nga Nik\u00eb Gashaj<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Nisem nga njohja se demokracia e plot\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga demokracia politike, sociale dhe ekonomike. N\u00ebse ndonj\u00ebri nga k\u00ebto funksione parandalohet dhe nuk realizohet, at\u00ebher\u00eb nuk kemi t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me nj\u00eb demokraci t\u00eb plot\u00eb, as jet\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb shoq\u00ebrore. Andaj, n\u00eb at\u00eb situat\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb mundshme vet\u00ebm forma t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb demokracis\u00eb s\u00eb cunguar.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Demokracia politike cungohet at\u00ebher\u00eb, kur asgj\u00eb nuk mund t\u00eb ndryshohet, kur farsa e jet\u00ebs demokratike \u00ebsht\u00eb e pranishme dhe kur sundon nj\u00eb oligarki politike. Mir\u00ebpo, mbetet nj\u00eb kund\u00ebrth\u00ebnie e madhe. N\u00eb jet\u00ebn publike ju thoni at\u00eb q\u00eb d\u00ebshironi dhe votoni p\u00ebr at\u00eb q\u00eb d\u00ebshironi. N\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me k\u00ebt\u00eb demokraci politike, n\u00eb jet\u00ebn e pun\u00ebs – e cila p\u00ebrfshin pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb jet\u00ebs s\u00eb vet\u00ebdijshme dhe n\u00eb nj\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb p\u00ebrcakton mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e vet\u00ebvendosjes \u2013 sundon shefi n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb autoritare.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ju duhet t\u00eb d\u00ebgjoni, jo t\u00eb fantazoni p\u00ebr lirin\u00eb dhe barazin\u00eb. Dhe, natyrisht, ju jeni subjekt i shfryt\u00ebzimit material dhe psikologjik. Politologu amerikan, Robert Dahl p\u00ebrcakton si t\u00eb drejta themelore politike, t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr t\u00eb votuar, lirin\u00eb e fjal\u00ebs, lirin\u00eb e t\u00eb provuarit, t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn p\u00ebr konkurim n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbime publike, t\u00eb drejt\u00eb p\u00ebr zgjedhjet e lira, t\u00eb drejta, t\u00eb moderuara dhe arsyemisht t\u00eb shpeshta, si dhe e drejta p\u00ebr themelimin e organizatave politike dhe partive politike. Demokracia politike moderne p\u00ebrfshin dhe t\u00eb drejta t\u00eb tjera. Por edhe ato t\u00eb drejta q\u00eb jan\u00eb renditur nuk duhet vet\u00ebm t\u00eb proklamohen, por edhe t\u00eb realizohen n\u00eb praktik\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Imponohet pyetja: \u00e7far\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb, at\u00ebher\u00eb dhe kur nj\u00eb uh\u00ebheq\u00ebs politik shfaqet n\u00eb vend t\u00eb demokracis\u00eb. Nuk ka vend p\u00ebr sens t\u00eb p\u00ebrbahk\u00ebt, sepse dikush jeton n\u00eb trillime. Derivati m\u00eb i zakonsh\u00ebm i totalitarizmit \u00ebsht\u00eb nacionalizmi jotolerant. Kjo \u00ebsht\u00eb arsyeja pse pavar\u00ebsia e personit, vet\u00ebvendosja, \u00ebsht\u00eb e r\u00ebndsishme p\u00ebr nj\u00eb demokraci t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb. Prandaj, kur b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr demokracin\u00eb politike, partit\u00eb politike dhe shefat e tyre nuk duhet t\u00eb imponohen mbi qytetar\u00ebt(si\u00e7 b\u00ebjn\u00eb tani), por duhet t\u2019u sh\u00ebrbejn\u00eb atyre. Qytetar\u00ebt duhet t\u00eb zgjedhin vet\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesit e tyre, jo partin\u00eb. Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, deputet\u00ebt nuk duhet t\u2019i zgjedhi  udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsia e partis\u00eb, nd\u00ebrsa qytetar\u00ebt vet\u00ebm t\u00eb votojn\u00eb(si\u00e7 b\u00ebjn\u00eb sot), por qytetar\u00ebt duhen t\u00eb zgjedhin dhe t\u00eb votojn\u00eb. Deputet\u00ebt duhen t\u00eb revokohen sipas nj\u00eb procedure t\u00eb caktuar. Nj\u00eb profesor universitar i amerik\u00ebs thot\u00eb se, ashtu si qytetar\u00ebt e tjer\u00eb, nj\u00eb dit\u00eb mori nj\u00eb let\u00ebr nga nj\u00eb kongresmen lokal duke shpjeguar se \u00e7far\u00eb kishte b\u00ebr\u00eb n\u00eb Kongres, \u00e7far\u00eb kishte nd\u00ebrmend t\u00eb b\u00ebnte dhe duke k\u00ebrkuar sugjerime. P\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr, secili kongresmen ka zyr\u00ebn e tij ku bisedon me zgjedh\u00ebsit e tij.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Mir\u00ebpo, tek ne nuk ka di\u00e7ka t\u00eb till\u00eb. Le ti shikojm\u00eb  zgjedhjet lokale, njer\u00ebzit n\u00eb Bash\u00ebsit\u00eb lokale e njohin nj\u00ebri-tjetrin mjaft\u00eb mir\u00eb. Prandaj, do t\u00eb ishte e logjikshme q\u00eb ata ta zgjedhin p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesi e tyre n\u00eb kuvendin lokal dhe kryetarin e tyre, bazuar n\u00eb pun\u00ebn e tyre t\u00eb deritashme. Por jo! Ata jan\u00eb t\u00eb varur nga partit\u00eb politike, respektivisht nga udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit e tyre t\u00eb cilat b\u00ebjn\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktimin se kush do t\u00eb hyj\u00eb n\u00eb kuvendin lokal dhe kush do t\u00eb jet\u00eb kryetar i kumun\u00ebs. Prandaj, b\u00ebhet e qart\u00eb se n\u00eb vend t\u00eb demokracis\u00eb kemi partitokraci me vendimin e drejtuesve t\u00eb partive politike. Andaj, vijm\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrfundim se \u201cnuk mund t\u00eb ndryshosh asgj\u00eb\u201d. Sepse, n\u00ebse pyesim veten se cili \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsuesi yn\u00eb konkret n\u00eb Kuvend, p\u00ebrgjigja \u00ebsht\u00eb se ne nuk e kemi at\u00eb. N\u00eb t\u00eb vertet\u00eb, ekziston disciplina partiake, drejtues partie, centralizim t\u00eb vendimmarrjes, por jo dhe vendimmarrje t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

S\u2019ka dyshim, se tani demokracia politike n\u00eb vendin ton\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb teje defekte. Po ashtu, \u00ebsht\u00eb e qart\u00eb se nj\u00eb sistem politik demokratik n\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb tranzicionit nuk mund t\u00eb funksionoj\u00eb menj\u00ebher\u00eb. Por \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb kemi nj\u00eb vizion t\u00eb d\u00ebshiruershm\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb tij, n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb mund t\u00eb nd\u00ebrtohet sa m\u00eb shpejt t\u00eb jet\u00eb e mundur. T\u00eb drejtat ekonomike, sociale dhe kulturore jan\u00eb nd\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb njeriut. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim, Deklarata Universale e t\u00eb Drejtave t\u00eb Njeriut e 1948, p\u00ebrcakton n\u00eb nenin 25: \u201c\u00c7do person ka t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e nj\u00eb  standardi jetese t\u00eb mjaftuesh\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar sh\u00ebndetin e tij\/saj, mir\u00ebqenien e familjes s\u00eb tij\/saj, n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti ushqimin, veshje, strehim, sigurim sh\u00ebndet\u00ebsor dhe sh\u00ebrbime t\u00eb nevojshme sociale; ai ka t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e sigurimeve shoq\u00ebrore n\u00eb rast t\u00eb papun\u00ebsis\u00eb, s\u00ebmundjes, invalidetit, t\u00eb humbjes s\u00eb mjeteve p\u00ebr jetes\u00eb, p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb rrethanave jasht\u00eb fajit t\u00eb tij\u201d. Sigurisht\u201dai ka t\u00eb drejt\u00eb\u201d, por shumica e popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb bot\u00ebs t\u00eb drejtat e tilla nuk i g\u00ebzon apo send\u00ebrton.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sot mbi 500 kompani transnacionale kontrollojn\u00eb shumic\u00ebn e pasuris\u00eb s\u00eb bot\u00ebs, nd\u00ebrsa 358 miliarder\u00eb, protagonist\u00ebt e biznesit t\u00eb madh kan\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb pasuri se 45% t\u00eb popull\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb bot\u00ebs ose 2.6 miliard\u00eb njer\u00ebz. Pamje groteske e pabarazis\u00eb n\u00eb bot\u00eb mund t\u00eb ilustrohet me sa vijon: 20% e popullsis\u00eb s\u00eb bot\u00ebs ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 80% t\u00eb t\u00eb ardhurave bot\u00ebrore, pabarazit\u00eb e zhvillimit t\u00eb pasluft\u00ebs s\u00eb Dyt\u00eb bot\u00ebrore n\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet \u201cveri-jug\u201d ishin 1:3, kurse sot ato jan\u00eb 1:100; vendet m\u00eb t\u00eb pazhvilluara t\u00eb bot\u00ebs jan\u00eb gati 350 vjet me vones\u00eb n\u00eb zhvillim n\u00eb krahasim me vendet m\u00eb t\u00eb zhvilluara. T\u00eb ardhurat mesatare p\u00ebr frym\u00eb n\u00eb vit n\u00eb vendet m\u00eb t\u00eb zhvilluara jan\u00eb rreth 30.000 dollar\u00eb, kurse nga ana tjet\u00ebr m\u00eb shum\u00eb se nj\u00eb miliard njer\u00ebz jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb mjerim dhe luftojn\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbijetuar me m\u00eb pak se 370 dollar\u00eb n\u00eb vit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Parashtrohet pyetja: Si  \u00ebsht\u00eb gjendja n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi?  N\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e konsiderueshme e popullsis\u00eb n\u00eb mosh\u00eb pune \u00ebsht\u00eb e papun\u00eb. P\u00ebrve\u00e7 k\u00ebsaj, problem tjet\u00ebr dometh\u00ebn\u00ebs jan\u00eb pagat dhe pensionet e ul\u00ebta, pra standardi i ul\u00ebt i jetes\u00ebs s\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Pasojat e varf\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb g\u00ebzimin e t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb njeriut jan\u00eb shum\u00ebdimensionale. Varf\u00ebria k\u00ebrc\u00ebnon t\u00eb gjitha aspektet e ekzistenc\u00ebs njer\u00ebzore, qofshin ato politike, ekonomike, sociale apo kulturore. P\u00ebr t\u00eb ndryshuar k\u00ebt\u00eb situat\u00eb, para s\u00eb gjithash, \u00ebsht\u00eb i nevojsh\u00ebm zhvillimi m\u00eb i shpejt ekonomik, efikasiteti ekonomik dhe drejt\u00ebsia sociale.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gjithashtu, nga ajo sesi udhheqet politika kuadrovike, n\u00eb nj\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb madhe varet zhvillimi material e shoq\u00ebror, cil\u00ebsia e jetes\u00ebs dhe prosperiteti i nj\u00eb shoq\u00ebrie. Andaj, lufta p\u00ebr nj\u00eb jet\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb dhe progres, nuk mund t\u00eb fitohet me politikan\u00eb medioker\u00eb, jo kompetent\u00eb, jo profesionist\u00eb, pa dije teorike dhe praktike, respektivisht me politikan\u00eb llomotit\u00ebs,  si n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e \u201c bahut\u00ebs\u201d apo parahistoris\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

M\u00eb n\u00eb fund, fotelet p\u00ebrpa kapacitete profesionale, p\u00ebrpa ekspert\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebshmuar, meritor dhe t\u00eb moralsh\u00ebm, duhet t\u00eb paraqesin koh\u00ebn e kaluar dhe p\u00ebr at\u00eb duhen t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijsh\u00ebm t\u00eb gjith\u00eb, a n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti ata t\u00eb cil\u00ebt kan\u00eb nj\u00eb influenc\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe n\u00eb sendertimin e politik\u00ebs kuadrovike.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nga Nik\u00eb Gashaj Nisem nga njohja se demokracia e plot\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga demokracia politike, sociale dhe ekonomike. N\u00ebse ndonj\u00ebri nga k\u00ebto funksione parandalohet dhe nuk realizohet, at\u00ebher\u00eb nuk kemi t\u00eb b\u00ebjm\u00eb me nj\u00eb demokraci t\u00eb plot\u00eb, as jet\u00eb t\u00eb plot\u00eb shoq\u00ebrore. Andaj, n\u00eb at\u00eb situat\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb mundshme vet\u00ebm forma t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb demokracis\u00eb s\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14722,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2,12],"tags":[1180],"class_list":["post-29739","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualitet","category-opinione","tag-nik-gashaj"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29739","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=29739"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29739\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":29740,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/29739\/revisions\/29740"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=29739"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=29739"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=29739"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}