{"id":25232,"date":"2020-03-28T00:22:29","date_gmt":"2020-03-27T23:22:29","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=25232"},"modified":"2020-03-28T00:22:29","modified_gmt":"2020-03-27T23:22:29","slug":"udheheqesi-politik","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=25232","title":{"rendered":"UDH\u00cbHEQ\u00cbSI POLITIK"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Nga Nik\u00eb Gashaj<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

Supozimet vetiake p\u00ebr rolin e udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit politik zakonisht p\u00ebrcaktohen si\naft\u00ebsi personale p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarr iniciativa n\u00eb situata shoq\u00ebrore, p\u00ebr t\u00eb\nplanifikuar dhe organizuar aksionin dhe siguruar bashk\u00ebpunim. Andaj, mund t\u00eb\ndallohen disa vetij\u00eb qen\u00ebsore t\u00eb cilat ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb sjelljet e udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit,\nsikurse jan\u00eb: 1) Bindjet politike<\/strong>.\nP\u00ebr tu kuptua raporti i udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit dhe t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpuntor\u00ebve, m\u00eb s\u00eb pari duhet me\ni ditur, t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb bindjet politike t\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit. Bindjet politike i\np\u00ebrcaktojn\u00eb q\u00ebllimet dhe strategjit\u00eb. N\u00eb pajtim me bindjet e udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit\ncaktohen dhe prioritetet e veprimit politik.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        R\u00ebnd\u00ebsia e bindjeve politike drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb\nvaret nga natyra e shoq\u00ebris\u00eb politike n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsi politik vepron. N\u00eb\nato shoq\u00ebri n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat ekziston grindja e madhe e vlerave, p\u00ebr\u00e7arjet\nideologjike, r\u00ebnd\u00ebsia e bindjeve \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb e madhe sesa n\u00eb shoq\u00ebrit\u00eb ku\nekziston nj\u00eb konsensus i vlerave.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Krahas njohjes s\u00eb bindjeve\npolitike \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme t\u00eb dihet sesa udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsi rrin n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb\nq\u00ebndrueshme pas bindjeve t\u00eb veta politike dhe sa atij i jan\u00eb ato bindje me\nr\u00ebnd\u00ebsi. Sipas atij dimensioni mund t\u00eb dallohen udh\u00ebheq\u00ebs me vlera-rigjide. Ata\njan\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebs t\u00eb drejtuar bindjeve t\u00eb tyre politike t\u00eb cilave ua kushtojn\u00eb\nt\u00ebr\u00eb politik\u00ebn. Ai \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb kriteri i d\u00ebshiruesh\u00ebm i veprimit dhe i\nmarr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve politike. Dhoji i dyt\u00eb, jan\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit pragmatik, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i\np\u00ebrshtaten kushteve konkrete dhe jan\u00eb t\u00eb gatsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr ti nd\u00ebrrua pik\u00ebpamjet\nfillestare me q\u00ebllim t\u00eb arritjes t\u00eb q\u00ebllimeve t\u00eb caktuara. Derisa t\u00eb par\u00ebt i\nnd\u00ebrrojn\u00eb(n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme edhe me dhun\u00eb) marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet konkrete shoq\u00ebrore\nn\u00eb pajtim me bindjet e tyre, t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt e nd\u00ebrrojn\u00eb vetin,duke iu p\u00ebrshtatur\nmarr\u00ebdh\u00ebnievet  shoq\u00ebrore konkrete.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        2) Stili politik. <\/strong>Derisa bindjet politike t\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit\ndrejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpuntor, nd\u00ebrsa ndikimi i stilit politik \u00ebsht\u00eb\nm\u00eb tep\u00ebr i t\u00ebthort. Stili politik shprehet n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u2019interaksionit  me bashk\u00ebpuntor. P\u00ebr shembull, vall\u00eb\nudh\u00ebheq\u00ebsi m\u00eb tep\u00ebr preferon nj\u00eb raport t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb \u201dsy n\u00eb sy\u201d, ose m\u00eb\ntep\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetet n\u00eb nd\u00ebrmjetsues; a \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb tep\u00ebr i drejtuar n\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunim me\nt\u00eb tjer\u00ebt, apo ekskluzivisht mb\u00ebshtetet n\u00eb m\u00ebndimet e veta;  si e p\u00ebrdor\u00eb retorik\u00ebn politike dhe\npropagand\u00ebn; a i studion \u00e7\u00ebshtjet n\u00eb holl\u00ebsi, apo mb\u00ebshtetet vet\u00ebm n\u00eb\ninformata  t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme;  a \u00ebsht\u00eb procesi i vendimeve transparent, apo\ne mban\u00eb n\u00eb fshet\u00ebsi?<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u00cbsht\u00eb me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb\ntheksohet, se stili i udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit ka nj\u00eb ndikim tek njer\u00ebzit me t\u00eb cil\u00ebt\nudh\u00ebheq\u00ebsi drejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb bashk\u00ebpunon. Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsi\nsynon p\u00ebr t\u2019i zgjedh ata bashk\u00ebpuntor\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i kan\u00eb vetit\u00eb e nj\u00ebjta apo t\u00eb\nngjajshme me stilin e tij t\u00eb udh\u00ebheq\u00ebjes, nd\u00ebrsa n\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr dhe vet\u00eb\nbashk\u00ebpuntor\u00ebt spontanisht i p\u00ebrshtasin sjelljet e veta k\u00ebrkesave t\u00eb\np\u00ebrceptuara nga udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsi. Andaj, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsi n\u00eb rrethin e tij t\u00eb\ndrejtp\u00ebrdrejt\u00eb e krijon nj\u00eb unitet t\u00eb caktuar, i cili nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb, ia\nleht\u00ebson vet\u00eb procesin e udh\u00ebheqjes, mir\u00ebpo, n\u00eb an\u00ebn tjet\u00ebr, e v\u00ebshtir\u00ebson\npranin e qasjeve t\u00eb ndryshme dhe trajtimin e shiqimin e problemeve p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        3.Motivacioni<\/strong>.Parashtrohet pyetja: cilat jan\u00eb arsyet q\u00eb\npersonat e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebhen udh\u00ebheq\u00ebs? Ekzistojn\u00eb mjaft\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr\nsistematizimin e atyre arsyeve. Duke respektuar sistematizimet e tilla, mund t\u00eb\ndallohen disa arsye t\u00eb motivacionit, si vijojn\u00eb:  <\/p>\n\n\n\n

        a) Dominimi primitiv <\/strong>\u2013 disa autor\u00eb mendojn\u00eb se tek \u00e7do njeri\nekziston synimi p\u00ebr t\u00eb dominuar dhe ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb jo si rezultat i ve\u00e7orive t\u00eb\nfituara, por ajo rrjell\u00eb si vetija natyrore nga lindja. b) Pushteti mbi t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt<\/strong>– n\u00eb situatat e caktuara, n\u00eb pajtim me\nteorin\u00eb psikoanalitike, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsi \u00ebsht\u00eb objekt i transmetimit t\u00eb emocioneve n\u00eb\nvazhdim\u00ebsi t\u00eb var\u00ebsis dhe n\u00ebnshtrimit t\u00eb bashk\u00ebpuntor\u00ebve. Andaj upinioni duhet\np\u00ebr ta ditur se ka njerz\u00eb n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri t\u00eb cil\u00ebt k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb me qen\u00eb n\u00eb pushtet, por\nshoq\u00ebria duhet t\u00eb v\u00ebndosi mekanizma kontrollues t\u00eb sjelljeve t\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        c) Nevoja p\u00ebr status<\/strong> \u2013 nevoja p\u00ebr prestigj ose status \u00ebsht\u00eb e\np\u00ebrhapur, ashtu q\u00eb shum\u00eb psikolog\u00eb e kan\u00eb v\u00eb n\u00eb regjist\u00ebr t\u00eb instikteve\nthemelore. Mir\u00ebpo, nevoja e till\u00eb duhet t\u00eb sqarohet si motiv p\u00ebr nj\u00eb status m\u00eb\nt\u00eb lart\u00eb. Ajo do t\u00eb thot\u00eb lufta p\u00ebr pushtet dhe mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb influenc\u00ebs, por edhe\nm\u00eb shum\u00eb para. Nj\u00eb status m\u00eb i lart\u00eb e mund\u00ebson personin dhe p\u00ebr kontakte\nshoq\u00ebrore me njerz\u00eb  me statuese t\u00eb\nlarta. <\/p>\n\n\n\n

        \u00e7) Nevoja p\u00ebr zgjidhjen e problemit<\/strong> \u2013 Njer\u00ebzit me orientime t\u00eb fuqishme t\u00eb\nvlerave, te t\u00eb cil\u00ebt mbizot\u00ebron ndjenj\u00eb e p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsis ndaj bashk\u00ebsis p\u00ebr t\u00eb\nb\u00ebr \u00e7ka kan\u00eb mund\u00ebsi p\u00ebr zgjidhjen e ndonj\u00eb problemi,  shpeshher\u00eb hyjn\u00eb n\u00eb politik dhe e marrin\nrolin e prij\u00ebsit politik. Atyre  politika\nose pozita e udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit nuk iu \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr q\u00ebllim, por si mjet p\u00ebr arritjen e\nqellimit.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        d) Nevoja p\u00ebr kompensim<\/strong>\u2013sikurse Lasswelli<\/strong> kaher\u00eb e ka shkrua(1930.), shpeshher\u00eb njeriu politik\n\u00ebsht\u00eb ai i cili n\u00eb sfer\u00ebn politike b\u00ebn p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u2019i kompensua mossukseset\ne frustracionet e jet\u00ebs s\u00eb tij t\u00eb p\u00ebrditshme. P\u00ebrndryshe, mund t\u00eb v\u00ebrehet se me\npolitik shpesh merren personat politikisht t\u00eb pa arsimuar dhe mediok\u00ebrt.\nMir\u00ebpo,  \u00ebsht\u00eb e njohur se zhvillimit e\nprogresit shoq\u00ebror nuk i duhen \u201cllomotit\u00ebsit intelektual dhe politik\u201d sikurse\nka th\u00ebn\u00eb Zhan Poll Sartr. Nj\u00ebkosisht, ajo paraqet degradimin e politik\u00ebs\nkuadrovike dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsis\u00eb. Pa dyshim, ajo ka pasoj\u00eb afatgjat\u00eb negative n\u00eb\nmarr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb rrjellave e q\u00ebllimeve t\u00eb zhvillimit shoq\u00ebror, n\u00eb\nve\u00e7anti n\u00eb qoft\u00eb se kuadrat e till\u00eb gjinden n\u00eb \u201cpozita t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme\u201d t\u00eb\nshtetit dhe shoq\u00ebris\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, kuadrat e\ntill\u00eb  nuk kan\u00eb kuptim, prirje, energji\ndhe, \u00e7ka \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb e keqe, ata nuk kan\u00eb dije elementare, orientim e informacion\np\u00ebr njohjet bashk\u00ebkohore shkencore dhe p\u00ebr \u201cnovacione\u201d. Prandaj, me t\u00eb drejt\u00eb\nthuhet se nuk ka kurrgj\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb se kur mediok\u00ebrt intelektual dhe\npolitik \u201cveshin petkun\u201d q\u00eb nuk u p\u00ebshtatet ose \u00ebsht\u00eb joedukuat p\u00ebr \u201cshtatin\u201d e\ntyre. Ata me koh\u00eb m\u00ebndjemallohen se \u201cpetkat e tilla\u201d e b\u00ebjn\u00eb qenjen e tyre \u2013 e\njo d\u00ebshprimin dhe shkret\u00ebrin e tyre shpirt\u00ebror.       <\/p>\n\n\n\n

        Me t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb kur mediok\u00ebrt arrijn\u00eb te\nndonj\u00eb funksion, ata jan\u00eb n\u00eb gj\u00ebndje t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb gjith\u00e7a, si dhe shum\u00eb pun\u00eb t\u00eb\npandershme, p\u00ebr tu mbajtur ose p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkua dhe ndonj\u00eb funksion dhe m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\ndhe m\u00eb p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebs. Ata jan\u00eb t\u00eb prirur p\u00ebr keqp\u00ebrdorime, kurdisje intrigash e\nngat\u00ebrresash, ashtu q\u00eb shpesh jan\u00eb aktor\u00eb kryesor t\u00eb marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnieve t\u00eb k\u00ebqija\nnd\u00ebrnjer\u00ebzore. M\u00eb n\u00eb fund, nuk mundi p\u00ebrpa i p\u00ebrkujtua fjal\u00ebt e nj\u00eb mbreti t\u00eb\nSpanj\u00ebs, i cili para list\u00ebs s\u00eb kandidat\u00ebve p\u00ebr burgim ka b\u00ebrtit: \u201cMedok\u00ebrt\nduhet m\u00eb s\u00eb pari me i fut n\u00eb burg\u201d.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nga Nik\u00eb Gashaj Supozimet vetiake p\u00ebr rolin e udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit politik zakonisht p\u00ebrcaktohen si aft\u00ebsi personale p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarr iniciativa n\u00eb situata shoq\u00ebrore, p\u00ebr t\u00eb planifikuar dhe organizuar aksionin dhe siguruar bashk\u00ebpunim. Andaj, mund t\u00eb dallohen disa vetij\u00eb qen\u00ebsore t\u00eb cilat ndikojn\u00eb n\u00eb sjelljet e udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit, sikurse jan\u00eb: 1) Bindjet politike. P\u00ebr tu kuptua raporti i […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14722,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2,12],"tags":[1180],"class_list":["post-25232","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualitet","category-opinione","tag-nik-gashaj"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25232","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=25232"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25232\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":25233,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/25232\/revisions\/25233"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=25232"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=25232"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=25232"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}