{"id":22127,"date":"2019-03-20T18:39:38","date_gmt":"2019-03-20T17:39:38","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=22127"},"modified":"2019-03-20T18:39:38","modified_gmt":"2019-03-20T17:39:38","slug":"athanas-gegaj-dizertacioni-per-skenderbeun","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=22127","title":{"rendered":"Athanas Gegaj , dizertacioni p\u00ebr Sk\u00ebnderbeun"},"content":{"rendered":"\n
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Nga MOIKOM ZEQO<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n

N\u00eb shekullin e XX shquhet nj\u00eb nga historian\u00ebt m\u00eb serioz t\u00eb Sk\u00ebnderbeologjis\u00eb, Athanas Gegaj. Ai studioi n\u00eb Franc\u00eb dhe u doktorua n\u00eb Universitetin e Lovenit n\u00eb Dizhon. Doktoratura e tij flet dhe fokusohet tek Arb\u00ebria e shekullit t\u00eb XV dhe  tek figura e Gjergj Kastriot Sk\u00ebnderbeut. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr disiplinore ku jan\u00eb respektuar kriteret e perfeksionizmit t\u00eb nj\u00eb historiani q\u00eb i referohet dokumenteve dhe sintez\u00ebs s\u00eb analizave me an\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00eb metodologjie shkencore. Libri i Athanas Gegajt qe ndryshe nga shum\u00eb libra paraardh\u00ebs me t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin subjekt dhe mund t\u00eb konsiderohet  si nj\u00eb kuot\u00eb m\u00eb e ep\u00ebrme, si\u00e7 e ka cil\u00ebsuar dhe Fan Noli \u201c\u00ebsht\u00eb ndofta m\u00eb e mbaruara, q\u00eb ka par\u00eb drit\u00ebn gjer m\u00eb sot si nga forma, nga l\u00ebnda, edhe nga baza dokumentare\u201d.P\u00ebr Athanas Gegajn Arb\u00ebria ka qen\u00eb vendi q\u00eb ka ndjer\u00eb kund\u00ebrgoditjet e l\u00ebvizjeve q\u00eb kan\u00eb tronditur popujt e Europ\u00ebs Juglindore por ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht n\u00eb shekullin e XV, bashk\u00eb me shtetet e tjer\u00eb ballkanik\u00eb ajo b\u00ebri q\u00ebndres\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb dhe heroike, n\u00ebn udh\u00ebheqjen e Sk\u00ebnderbeut dhe kjo ka nj\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr historin\u00eb e saj por edhe p\u00ebr historin\u00eb Europiane. N\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb rrafsh jan\u00eb shkruar shum\u00eb vepra dhe punime por q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndahen n\u00eb dy kategori: nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb k\u00ebto ngjarje jan\u00eb evokuar nga kronikan\u00ebt, ve\u00e7an\u00ebrisht arb\u00ebror\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u00eb ringjallur guximin e bashk\u00ebkoh\u00ebsve t\u00eb tyre, duke i kujtuar lavdit\u00eb e st\u00ebrgjysh\u00ebrve, nga ana tjet\u00ebr ato z\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb historin\u00eb e popujve t\u00eb Europ\u00ebs n\u00eb fund t\u00eb Mesjet\u00ebs dhe n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb epok\u00ebs moderne, si dhe kan\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi p\u00ebr studimin e r\u00ebnies s\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Bizantine. Por,  n\u00ebn v\u00ebshtrimin e Athanas Gegajt \u201casnj\u00eb vep\u00ebr deri tani nuk  i \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00ebnshtruar studimit kritik t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre ngjarjeve t\u00eb para sipas pik\u00ebpamjes shqiptare. Por, q\u00ebllimi i tyre mbrojt\u00ebs e shpreh vler\u00ebn historike, prandaj nj\u00eb shqyrtim i ri kritik \u00ebsht\u00eb i nevojsh\u00ebm\u201d. Historia e popullit shqiptar n\u00eb shekullin e XV \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb subjekt shum\u00eb i gjer\u00eb, ajo shtron pyetje t\u00eb shumta dhe mjaft t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuara. Por shekulli i XV \u00ebsht\u00eb  aq i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm saq\u00eb i vendos ngjarjet e Sk\u00ebnderbejad\u00ebs n\u00eb kuadrin e historis\u00eb Europiane aq m\u00eb tep\u00ebr q\u00eb Arb\u00ebria n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shekull ishte n\u00eb procesin dhe n\u00eb rrug\u00ebn e bashkimit nga pik\u00ebpamja politike, pra edhe t\u00eb nj\u00eb vet\u00ebdije  ftill\u00ebzuese komb\u00ebtare. N\u00eb rrafshin europian  lufta e Sk\u00ebnderbeut \u00ebsht\u00eb detyrimisht nj\u00eb nd\u00ebrlidhje e pashmangshme n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb quhet faktori europian, duke pasur parasysh raportet intensive p\u00ebr gati 25 vjet me Mbret\u00ebrin\u00eb e Napolit, Republik\u00ebn e Venedikut, Papatin, Raguz\u00ebn dhe Hungarin\u00eb.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

\u00cbsht\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb dukje se Disertacioni i Athanas Gegajt mb\u00ebshtetet mbi burimet historike t\u00eb cilat ai i klasifikon si t\u00eb dor\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb dhe t\u00eb dor\u00ebs s\u00eb dyt\u00eb. Burimin kryesor (kuptohet t\u00eb dor\u00ebs s\u00eb par\u00eb) Athanas Gegaj konsideron nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr t\u00eb hartuar n\u00eb latinisht t\u00eb nj\u00eb far\u00eb Antonio d\u2019Antivari, ose Antibarensis (Tivarasin) q\u00eb kinse e kishte hartuar sipas t\u00eb dh\u00ebnave t\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebllait, oficer i gard\u00ebs s\u00eb Sk\u00ebnderbeut. K\u00ebt\u00eb vep\u00ebr n\u00eb latinisht e p\u00ebrdori historiani italian Biemmi p\u00ebr vepr\u00ebn e tij kushtuar historis\u00eb s\u00eb Gjergj Kastriotit q\u00eb u botua p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb n\u00eb Brescia t\u00eb Italis\u00eb n\u00eb 1742 dhe pastaj n\u00eb nj\u00eb botim tjet\u00ebr t\u00eb ri m\u00eb 1756. Vepra e t\u00eb ashtuquajturit Tivarasi si\u00e7 thot\u00eb Biemmi qe gjetur vet\u00ebm n\u00eb nj\u00eb kopje libri, n\u00eb gjendje t\u00eb keqe, kopje q\u00eb i mungonin disa flet\u00eb. Biemmi jep titullin q\u00eb gjendej n\u00eb fund t\u00eb vepr\u00ebs \u201cHistoria Scanderbegu edita per quendam Albanesem, Venetus impressa industria atque impenda Erhardi Radolt de Augusta, anno Domini 1480, die 2 mensis aprilis ducante Joanne Mocenyco inclyto Duce\u201d. Biemmi p\u00ebrmend se shkrimi latin qe me shkronja gotike dhe botimi nuk qe i ndar\u00eb n\u00eb libra, apo kapituj. Kjo histori fillonte me ardhjen e Sk\u00ebnderbeut n\u00eb Kruj\u00eb dhe mbaronte me rr\u00ebzimin e t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtit qytet nga Ballaban Pasha. Biemmi e ka shfryt\u00ebzuar gjer\u00ebsisht dhe n\u00eb substanc\u00eb historin\u00eb e k\u00ebtij Tivarasi, por ka shfryt\u00ebzuar edhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e librit t\u00eb Marin Barletit p\u00ebr t\u00eb mbushur boshll\u00ebqet l\u00ebndore t\u00eb burimit t\u00eb tij, dmth., t\u00eb vepr\u00ebs s\u00eb Tivarasit. Athanas Gegaj e beson q\u00eb vepra e Tivarasit \u00ebsht\u00eb di\u00e7ka e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb. Prandaj shkruan: \u201cAjo p\u00ebrb\u00ebn nj\u00eb pun\u00eb t\u00eb shquar p\u00ebr epok\u00ebn, ajo na jep t\u00eb dh\u00ebna t\u00eb \u00e7muara dhe t\u00eb sakta p\u00ebr pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb ngjarjeve  pa e zmadhuar r\u00ebnd\u00ebsin\u00eb, larg apologjis\u00eb s\u00eb Sk\u00ebnderbeut, shpesh ajo kritikon q\u00ebndrimin e tij, ajo nuk fsheh v\u00ebshtir\u00ebsit\u00eb e brendshme t\u00eb vendit dhe zbulon intrigat dhe komplotet e princ\u00ebrve t\u00eb tij. Para s\u00eb gjithash ajo na dhuron \u201cnj\u00eb histori beteje\u201d, por ajo na njeh gjithashtu me fakte shum\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme p\u00ebr gjendjen e brendshme t\u00eb vendit dhe zakonet e banor\u00ebve t\u00eb saj\u201d. P\u00ebr Athanas Gegajn Kronika e Tivarasit ka sh\u00ebrbyer dhe sh\u00ebrben si nj\u00eb kronik\u00eb me shum\u00eb vlera. Por Gegaj i njeh edhe kritikat mohuese, gjersa nuk harron t\u00eb shkruaj: \u201cKa pasur hipoteza t\u00eb ndryshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb goditur autorin e Historis\u00eb s\u00eb Tivarasit, por t\u00eb gjitha k\u00ebto duken t\u00eb paq\u00ebndrueshme. Ajo q\u00eb mund t\u00eb pohojm\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb q\u00eb ai qe me origjin\u00eb nga Tivari dhe mesa duket ishte klerik. Faullmerajer e njeh autorin, por nuk e ka par\u00eb vepr\u00ebn e tij, ai ka dashur ta identifikoj\u00eb me Pal Engj\u00ebllin, kryepeshkopin e Durr\u00ebsit, por asgj\u00eb nuk e provon k\u00ebt\u00eb njehsim, p\u00ebrkundrazi kjo duhet hedhur posht\u00eb, sepse Pal Engj\u00eblli kish vdekur m\u00eb 1469, kurse vepra daton m\u00eb 1480\u201d. Pra Athanas Gegaj, k\u00ebsisoj, nuk ka dyshime dhe beson plot\u00ebsisht kompilimin historik t\u00eb Biemmit t\u00eb bazuar n\u00eb nj\u00eb kronik\u00eb, t\u00eb ashtuquajtur autentike, por q\u00eb p\u00ebr shum\u00eb dijetare modern\u00eb nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb gj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr ve\u00e7se nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr apokrite q\u00eb nuk ka ekzistuar kurr\u00eb. Burimi i dyt\u00eb kryesor p\u00ebr Athanas Gegajn \u00ebsht\u00eb vepra e Marin Barletit. Barleti \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb historian humanist Rilindas, q\u00eb shkruan p\u00ebr t\u00eb ndezur ndjenj\u00ebn komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb bashkatdhetar\u00ebve t\u00eb vet. P\u00ebr t\u00eb Sk\u00ebnderbeu \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb Hero Komb\u00ebtar q\u00eb duhet krahasuar me heronjt\u00eb e lasht\u00ebsis\u00eb, Aleksandrin e Madh, ose Pirron, jeta e Sk\u00ebnderbeut ka qen\u00eb nj\u00eb dram\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb dhe si rrjedhoj\u00eb detyra kryesore e historianit duhet t\u00eb konsistoj\u00eb q\u00eb t\u2019i b\u00ebj\u00eb t\u00eb ringjallen episodet. Por p\u00ebr Athanas Gegajn \u201cpohimet e Barletit nuk jan\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb sajuara, madje duket q\u00eb ai ka pasur n\u00eb dispozicion dokumenta t\u00eb shumta q\u00eb i kan\u00eb sh\u00ebrbyer p\u00ebr shum\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb vepr\u00ebs, njoftime me vler\u00eb dhe shum\u00eb t\u00eb sakta, por m\u00ebnyra si e ka kuptuar detyr\u00ebn e tij e ka \u00e7uar ta b\u00ebj\u00eb at\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb form\u00eb pak kritike\u201d.Kurse burimi i tret\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb ai i Gjon Muzak\u00ebs, bashk\u00ebkoh\u00ebs dhe shok arm\u00ebsh i Sk\u00ebnderbeut. Gjoni iku n\u00eb Itali, ku m\u00eb 1510 harton nj\u00eb kronik\u00eb mbi familjen e tij dhe ngjarjet m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme t\u00eb koh\u00ebs. Ndon\u00ebse kronika e Gjon Muzak\u00ebs ka dhe pjes\u00eb q\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb interes t\u00eb historis\u00eb shkencore si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb nj\u00eb histori mitologjike mbi origjinat e Stemave t\u00eb Engj\u00ebllor\u00ebve, apo nj\u00eb gjenealogji e trilluar t\u00eb familjes s\u00eb Muzakajve, prap\u00ebseprap\u00eb kronika e tij p\u00ebrb\u00ebn nj\u00eb dokument shum\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7muar p\u00ebr Historin\u00eb e Arb\u00ebris\u00eb s\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb XV. Muzaka ka rr\u00ebfime t\u00eb ngjashme me ato t\u00eb Barletit p\u00ebr rinin\u00eb e Sk\u00ebnderbeut, q\u00ebndrimin e tij n\u00eb oborrin e Sulltanit, kthimin n\u00eb Arb\u00ebri, kthimin  n\u00eb katolik dhe p\u00ebrpjekjet p\u00ebr formimin e Lidhjes s\u00eb Lezh\u00ebs. Por n\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb tjera Muzaka \u00ebsht\u00eb krejt i ndrysh\u00ebm nga Barleti. Mund t\u00eb supozohet q\u00eb Muzaka e ka njohur kronik\u00ebn e Barletit dhe ndoshta ka kopjuar ose p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur pjes\u00ebn q\u00eb flet p\u00ebr Sk\u00ebnderbeun n\u00eb rinin\u00eb e tij. Por n\u00eb fakt Gjon Muzaka nuk i kushton ndonj\u00eb vend t\u00eb madh Sk\u00ebnderbeut dhe p\u00ebr m\u00eb tep\u00ebr duket qart\u00eb se ai nuk e simpatizon at\u00eb. Ja njeh vlerat ushtarake Sk\u00ebnderbeut, por nuk ngurron t\u00eb thot\u00eb edhe pak\u00ebnaq\u00ebsit\u00eb, q\u00eb Sk\u00ebnderbeu u rr\u00ebmbente tokat dhe pronat feudal\u00ebve t\u00eb tjer\u00eb arb\u00ebror\u00eb, p\u00ebr arsye t\u00eb qend\u00ebrzimit t\u00eb pushtetit t\u00eb vet.P\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrket kronikan\u00ebve t\u00eb dor\u00ebs s\u00eb dyt\u00eb Athanas Gegaj p\u00ebrmend disa botime t\u00eb vitit 1539 dhe 1545 t\u00eb mb\u00ebshtetura \u201cn\u00eb dor\u00ebshkrimin latin t\u00eb Abatit Demetrio Franco, thesarmbajt\u00ebs t\u00eb heroit Sk\u00ebnderbe, por k\u00ebto vepra sipas Gegajt nuk kan\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb madhe sepse jan\u00eb t\u00eb varura nga Barleti\u201d. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb Athanas Gegaj p\u00ebrmend burimet bizantine, kronikan\u00ebt turq si dhe burime t\u00eb tjera arkivore.Libri i Athanas Gegajt ka r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi edhe p\u00ebr sot nga pik\u00ebpamje e v\u00ebshtrimit t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithsh\u00ebm, paraprij\u00ebs dhe p\u00ebrshkrues p\u00ebr situat\u00ebn e brendshme t\u00eb Arb\u00ebris\u00eb n\u00eb mesjet\u00eb. Kjo gj\u00eb nis q\u00eb me koh\u00ebn e cop\u00ebtimit t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb Romake, ku vendet e quajtura m\u00eb von\u00eb Ballkanike u bashkuan me Perandorin\u00eb e Lindjes, gj\u00eb q\u00eb ka p\u00ebrcaktuar fatin e tyre p\u00ebr shum\u00eb shekuj. N\u00eb shekullin e VII dob\u00ebsimi i Bizantit stimuloi dyndje t\u00eb madhe. Sllav\u00ebt pushtues p\u00ebrqafuan qytet\u00ebrimin e popujve q\u00eb pushtuan, p\u00ebrqafuan fen\u00eb e krishter\u00eb. Por ky pushtim zhduku si t\u00eb thuash rac\u00ebn ilire n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb gadishullit, nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb e madhe e banor\u00ebve t\u00eb vjet\u00ebr humb\u00ebn gjuh\u00ebn dhe traditat e tyre . T\u00eb vetmit n\u00eb gjith\u00eb gadishullin, arb\u00ebror\u00ebt, pasardh\u00ebs t\u00eb ilir\u00ebve mbet\u00ebn mbijetues duke ruajtur individualitetin e tyre. Hap\u00ebsirat e banuara nga arb\u00ebror\u00ebt n\u00eb mesjet\u00eb jan\u00eb quajtur si Arbania, Arbanon, Rabon, Albania, Albanum si dhe Albanon. Termi \u201cArvania\u201d del q\u00eb n\u00eb mij\u00ebvje\u00e7arin e fundit t\u00eb shekullit t\u00eb VII. N\u00eb shekullin e X takojm\u00eb emrin \u201cArbanon\u201d q\u00eb bizantin\u00ebt quanin territoret e vendosur nd\u00ebrmjet Shkodr\u00ebs, Durr\u00ebsit, Ohrit dhe Prizrenit. Shekuj m\u00eb von\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e Karl Topis\u00eb (1358-1388), t\u00eb quajtur si \u201cDominus totius Albaniae (\u201czot\u00ebri i t\u00ebr\u00eb Arb\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d), Arbanoni i bizantin\u00ebve vendoset n\u00eb jug t\u00eb Arb\u00ebris\u00eb. N\u00eb mesjet\u00eb n\u00eb shum\u00eb dokumente p\u00ebrmenden t\u00eb dy emrat Arbania si dhe Albania. N\u00eb letrat e Pap\u00ebve p\u00ebrmenden \u201cArbanensis Princeps\u201d si dhe \u201cJudex Albanorum\u201d dhe n\u00eb k\u00ebto emra  dallohen kryesisht feudal\u00ebt e Arb\u00ebris\u00eb Qendrore. Deri n\u00eb shekullin e XVI Gjon Buzuku e quan k\u00ebt\u00eb tok\u00eb \u201cArb\u00ebri\u201d.Gjat\u00eb mesjet\u00ebs tokat e Arb\u00ebris\u00eb nga pik\u00ebpamja fetare i takonin Kish\u00ebs s\u00eb Per\u00ebndimit, por pas pushtimit sllav u b\u00eb e fort\u00eb tendenca e lidhjes me Kish\u00ebn e Lindjes t\u00eb Perandoris\u00eb s\u00eb Bizantit. Megjithat\u00eb arb\u00ebror\u00ebt i ruajt\u00ebn lidhjet me kish\u00ebn e Per\u00ebndimit dhe shpesh kronist\u00ebt bizantin\u00eb e quanin Arb\u00ebrin\u00eb si \u201cLatinia\u201d. Familjet e m\u00ebdha arb\u00ebrore q\u00eb luajt\u00ebn rol n\u00eb historin\u00eb mesjetare jan\u00eb disa q\u00eb meritojn\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrmenden. N\u00eb shekullin e XII Princi Progoni qeverisi n\u00eb Arb\u00ebrin\u00eb Qendrore jasht\u00eb ndikimit serb. Gjat\u00eb sundimit t\u00eb tij  ai u shk\u00ebput nga pushteti Bizantin. T\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn gj\u00eb b\u00ebri dhe i v\u00ebllai Gjini dhe m\u00eb pas Dhimitri.Familja e madhe e Topiajve  p\u00ebrfshin\u00eb dy deg\u00eb: at\u00eb t\u00eb veriut q\u00eb mban emrin Topiaj dhe at\u00eb t\u00eb jugut t\u00eb quajtur Araniti-Komnena. Sundimi i Topiajve shtrihet nga Durr\u00ebsi deri n\u00eb Art\u00eb, zot\u00ebron qytetin e Kruj\u00ebs deri n\u00eb Ohr. Topiajt pat\u00ebn lidhje martesore me sht\u00ebpin\u00eb mbret\u00ebrore t\u00eb anzhuin\u00ebve t\u00eb Napolit. M\u00eb i njohuri i k\u00ebsaj familje Tanush Topiaj njihej nga Papa me titullin \u201cKonti Imatias, titull ky i konfirmuar dhe nga mbreti Robert n\u00eb 1838. Andrea Topiaj i biri i Tanushit u martua me vajz\u00ebn jo t\u00eb ligjshme t\u00eb mbretit Robert t\u00eb Napolit me gjith\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtimin e tij q\u00eb ia kish caktuar vajz\u00ebn nj\u00eb Princi t\u00eb Poleponezit. Andrea pati dy djem: Karli dhe Gjergji. Karl Topiaj m\u00eb 1358 zot\u00ebronte Kruj\u00ebn dhe n\u00eb 1363 mori pushtetin edhe n\u00eb qytetin e Durr\u00ebsit. Topiaj u b\u00eb nj\u00eb zot i fuqish\u00ebm, fortifikoi Kruj\u00ebn dhe Kalan\u00eb e Petrel\u00ebs dhe pran\u00eb Elbasanit nd\u00ebrtoi nj\u00eb Manastir ku vendosi reliket e shenjtorit Gjon Vladimirit si dhe u varros vet\u00eb n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb manastir. Nga dy letra t\u00eb Pap\u00ebs Grigori i XII del se Karl Topiaj ishte katolik. Ai vdes m\u00eb 1388 duke l\u00ebn\u00eb si pasardh\u00ebs t\u00eb birin Gjergjin, i cili vdiq m\u00eb 1392 dhe Durr\u00ebsi ra n\u00eb duart e Venedikut.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Athanas Gegaj n\u00eb  rrafshin e sinopseve lakonike shkruan dhe p\u00ebr familjet e tjera t\u00eb m\u00ebdha si\u00e7 jan\u00eb Balshajt, Dukagjin\u00ebt, familja e Koja Zakaris\u00eb, familja Jonim\u00ebve, e Muzakajve, e Spatajve, por dhe p\u00ebr familjet arb\u00ebrore m\u00eb n\u00eb jug n\u00eb Janin\u00eb dhe n\u00eb Art\u00eb, si\u00e7 ishte familja e Zenebisht\u00ebve apo familja e Gropajve me qend\u00ebr n\u00eb qytetin e Ohrit. Gegaj ndalet  edhe familja e Kastriot\u00ebve p\u00ebr t\u00eb p\u00ebrshkruar disi m\u00eb gjer\u00eb origjin\u00ebn dhe rolin e k\u00ebsaj familje n\u00eb histori. P\u00ebr Athanas Gegajn Kastriot\u00ebt ishin nj\u00eb rac\u00eb e past\u00ebr arb\u00ebrore, sepse \u201ckemi d\u00ebshmin\u00eb e qart\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00eb Sk\u00ebnderbeut\u201d. Emri i tyre m\u00eb i vjet\u00ebr \u00ebsht\u00eb Mazreku, i panjohur nga kronikan\u00ebt e koh\u00ebs, m\u00eb pas u z\u00ebvend\u00ebsua nga mbiemri Kastrioti. P\u00ebr Gegajn familja e Kastriot\u00ebve mbiemrin e par\u00eb e ka marr\u00eb nga fshati Mazreku q\u00eb ndodhet midis Shkodr\u00ebs dhe Drivastit, n\u00eb bregun e djatht\u00eb t\u00eb Drinit, kurse mbiemri Kastrioti q\u00eb mbijetuar n\u00eb histori lidhet padyshim me lokalitetin e Kastrit n\u00eb Mirdit\u00eb q\u00eb ndodhet midis fshatrave t\u00eb Dibr\u00ebs, Minell\u00ebs, Kashnjetit dhe Vigut. Kastriot\u00ebt kan\u00eb zot\u00ebruar nj\u00eb pjes\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb territoreve n\u00eb verilindje t\u00eb Shkodr\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Lezh\u00ebs dhe deri n\u00eb Prizeren. N\u00eb per\u00ebndim takoheshin  me pronat e Dukagjinasve q\u00eb p\u00ebrfshinin fush\u00ebn e Zadrim\u00ebs dhe lokalitetin e Fandit. Por nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohen me sakt\u00ebsi kufijt\u00eb q\u00eb ndanin pronat e k\u00ebtyre dy familjeve. N\u00eb koh\u00ebn  e fuqizimit t\u00eb shtetit t\u00eb Balshajve Dukagjinasit dhe Kastriot\u00ebt u shpron\u00ebsuan nga pasurit\u00eb e tyre, por  mbas rr\u00ebzimit t\u00eb Balshajve Kastriot\u00ebt i fituan s\u00ebrish pronat.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Gjon Kastrioti, i ati i Gjergj Kastriotit njihet si \u201cZot i Matit\u201d. Ai zot\u00ebronte prona n\u00eb rrethinat e Shkodr\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Lezh\u00ebs. Por qyteti i famsh\u00ebm i Kruj\u00ebs nuk b\u00ebnte pjes\u00eb n\u00eb pronat e tij. Gjon  Muzaka pohon se Kastriot\u00ebt zot\u00ebronin Matin, por nuk pranon q\u00eb qen\u00eb dhe zot\u00ebr t\u00eb dy Dibrave. Gjoni kish disa k\u00ebshtjella si Petrel\u00ebn, Stelushin dhe Zvedigradin n\u00eb Dibr\u00ebn e Sip\u00ebrme. Gjon Kastrioti qe i lidhur me Republik\u00ebn e Venedikut, n\u00eb 1413 atij iu dha titulli \u201d i Qytetarit t\u00eb Nderit\u201d. P\u00ebr t\u00eb shp\u00ebtuar jet\u00ebn dhe pasurit\u00eb e tij nga sulmet turke n\u00eb 1417 Gjoni shpallet Vasal i Venedikut. M\u00eb pas Gjon Kastrioti i sprapsur nga forcat turke i d\u00ebrgon djemt\u00eb e tij si peng n\u00eb Adrianopoj\u00eb. E njeh autoritetin e Sulltanit dhe e quan \u201cmiosignor\u201d. Megjith\u00ebse i ka humbur shumic\u00ebn e pronave Gjoni \u00ebsht\u00eb akoma zot i nj\u00eb pjese t\u00eb territorit t\u00eb dikursh\u00ebm. Nga fundi i jet\u00ebs Gjoni afrohet me Republik\u00ebn e Raguz\u00ebs. Vdiq m\u00eb 1443. Pronat e tij u mor\u00ebn nga turqit dhe n\u00eb Kruj\u00eb u vendos Hasan Beu, ishte djali i Ajdin Beut dhe Elena Muzak\u00ebs.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

P\u00ebr Athanas Gegajn gruaja e tij Vojsava qe \u201cnga nj\u00eb familje me origjin\u00eb shqiptare\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ata lind\u00ebn 4 djem, Reposhin, Stanish\u00ebn, Konstandinin dhe Gjergjin dhe pes\u00eb vajza t\u00eb cilat u martuan t\u00eb gjitha me zot\u00ebr arb\u00ebror\u00eb, Marina me Stefanin  Princin e Malit t\u00eb Zi, Vllaica me Gjin Muzak\u00ebn, Angjelina me Vlash Aranitin, v\u00ebllain e Gjergj Aranitit, Angjela ose (Jella) me Pal Balsh\u00ebn, dhe Mamica me Muzak Topin\u00eb. Gjergj Kastrioti ka lindur rreth viteve 1404-1405. N\u00eb 1410 gjat\u00eb pushtimeve t\u00eb Muratit t\u00eb II, Gjoni ka l\u00ebn\u00eb peng nj\u00ebrin prej djemve t\u00eb tij, ndoshta Reposhin.  Gjoni midis viteve 1421-1422, n\u00eb em\u00ebr t\u00eb djemve i dhuroi Manastirit t\u00eb Hilandarit n\u00eb Athos dy fshatra. Athanas Gegaj e analizon k\u00ebshtu k\u00ebt\u00eb fakt: \u201cKy veprim ka shtuar kureshtjen e historian\u00ebve, n\u00ebse Gjoni ishte katolik, nd\u00ebrsa djemt\u00eb ishin kthyer n\u00eb mysliman, pse babai i tyre i dhuronte k\u00ebto fshatra nj\u00eb manastiri Ortodoks. Si mund t\u00eb shpjegohet kjo? S\u00eb pari, b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb akt t\u00eb kryer para dh\u00ebnies peng t\u00eb djemve t\u00eb Gjon Kastriotit. Pastaj, n\u00eb qoft\u00eb se dihet me siguri q\u00eb Reposhi dhe Gjergji jan\u00eb kthyer n\u00eb mysliman mund t\u00eb dyshohet p\u00ebr t\u00eb tjer\u00ebt. Duke pasur parasysh fanatizmin e fes\u00eb n\u00eb at\u00eb koh\u00eb, besohej se kthimi i tyre n\u00eb fen\u00eb islame ka qen\u00eb i detyruar, sipas pik\u00ebpamjes s\u00eb tyre, ai ishte nj\u00eb veprim oportunist, q\u00eb i jepte Sulltanit siguri p\u00ebr besnik\u00ebrin\u00eb e tyre. P\u00ebrsa i p\u00ebrket dhurat\u00ebs q\u00eb iu b\u00eb Manastirit ortodoks b\u00ebhet fjal\u00eb n\u00eb fakt p\u00ebr k\u00ebmbim pronash midis Gjonit dhe murgjve. Por dhe mund t\u00eb supozohet se ai ia ka b\u00ebr\u00eb murgjve k\u00ebt\u00eb dhurat\u00eb, p\u00ebr t\u00eb cil\u00ebn nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr t\u2019u \u00e7uditur shum\u00eb sepse kishte ortodoks midis njer\u00ebzve t\u00eb tij\u201d.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Historin\u00eb e rinis\u00eb s\u00eb Sk\u00ebnderbeut Athanas Gegaj e p\u00ebrshkruan sipas tradit\u00ebs, q\u00eb ai ka shkuar si peng, arriti t\u00eb b\u00ebhej i preferuari i Sulltanit, ka hyr\u00eb n\u00eb trup\u00ebn e Jeni\u00e7er\u00ebve dhe ka marr\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb disa beteja n\u00eb Azin\u00eb e Vog\u00ebl. Q\u00eb kur u kthye turk at\u00eb e quajt\u00ebn Iskender dhe meq\u00eb ishte me origjin\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb i shtuan titullin bej ose beg dhe prej k\u00ebtej vjen emri Sk\u00ebnderbej ose Sk\u00ebnderbeg. Pas vdekjes s\u00eb Gjonit m\u00eb 1443 Sulltani vendos guvernator t\u00eb Kruj\u00ebs Hasan Beun dhe u dha urdh\u00ebr atij t\u00eb pushtoheshin t\u00eb gjitha fortesat e Kastriot\u00ebve q\u00eb u mor\u00ebn pa rezistenc\u00eb. N\u00ebna e Sk\u00ebnderbeut me vajz\u00ebn e vog\u00ebl Mamic\u00ebn u fsheh\u00ebn n\u00eb nj\u00eb vend t\u00eb panjohur t\u00eb Matit. Atje Vojsava vdiq para kthimit t\u00eb t\u00eb birit. N\u00eb 1443 n\u00eb betej\u00ebn e Kunovic\u00ebs pran\u00eb Nishit  ushtrin\u00eb turke e drejtonin Karabegu, Pashai i Rumelis\u00eb por dhe Sk\u00ebnderbeu. Sk\u00ebnderbeu i la pozicionet e tij dhe mbas shpartallimit t\u00eb turqve, s\u00eb bashku me t\u00eb nipin dhe me 300 kalor\u00ebs, mbasi i mor\u00ebn dhe Kancelarit t\u00eb Sulltanit Urdhrin e falsifikuar q\u00eb e em\u00ebronte zot t\u00eb Kruj\u00ebs u kthye n\u00eb Kruj\u00eb. Sapo u kthye  bot\u00ebrisht Sk\u00ebnderbeu e quajti veten t\u00eb krishter\u00eb, pastaj mori fortes\u00ebn e Petrel\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb Spellushit dhe pak m\u00eb von\u00eb t\u00eb Stefigradit. Ky moment historik \u00ebsht\u00eb quajtur n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb dyfisht\u00eb si \u201c\u00c7lirimi i Sk\u00ebnderbeut dhe \u00e7lirimi i Arb\u00ebris\u00eb\u201d. Pik\u00ebrisht tani fillon epoka e madhe dhe e pashembullt Sk\u00ebnderbejane.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

***<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Ka p\u00ebrher\u00eb nj\u00eb lloj hap\u00ebsire paraprij\u00ebse t\u00eb \u00e7do ngjarjeje t\u00eb madhe historike, ku element\u00ebt p\u00ebrmbajtjesor shfaqen, duke b\u00ebr\u00eb paralajm\u00ebrimin e asaj q\u00eb do t\u00eb ndodh m\u00eb pas.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Dy familjet e m\u00ebdha Aranit\u00ebt dhe Kastriot\u00ebt i kan\u00eb pasur lidhjet shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb hershme. Ka gjasa q\u00eb Gjergj Araniti edhe Gjon Kastrioti edhe m\u00eb pas Gjergji ishin njohur n\u00eb rrethanat kur sundimi otoman p\u00ebrdorte institucionin e pengut, si nj\u00eb garanci besnik\u00ebrie. K\u00ebshtu Gjergj Araniti dihet se ka qen\u00eb n\u00eb oborrin e sulltanit p\u00ebr ca koh\u00eb. Rreth viti 1427 u largua dhe erdhi n\u00eb Arb\u00ebri. N\u00eb 1432 Andrea Topia b\u00ebri nj\u00eb sulm duke i shkaktuar humbje t\u00eb m\u00ebdha turqve. \u00cbsht\u00eb pik\u00ebrisht Andrea Topia ai, t\u00eb cilit i takon merita e par\u00eb e shkat\u00ebrrimit t\u00eb nj\u00eb ushtrie turke. Sipas Gegajt Topiajt pat\u00ebn dhe nj\u00eb deg\u00eb t\u00eb familjes n\u00eb jug, t\u00eb vet\u00ebquajtur Aranit. N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet familja Aranitase \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb e vjet\u00ebr. Ajo p\u00ebrmendet q\u00eb n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e Perandorit t\u00eb Bizantit Bazilit II, kur nj\u00eb stratek i shquar David Araniti spikati n\u00eb nj\u00eb betej\u00eb n\u00eb perandorin\u00eb bullgare n\u00eb 1016. N\u00eb shekullin XIII familja e Aranit\u00ebve u lidh\u00ebn n\u00eb nj\u00eb martes\u00eb me komner\u00ebt dhe k\u00ebshtu familja mbiquhej Aranit Komneni. Por vet\u00ebm n\u00eb shekullin XIV mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohet m\u00eb me siguri historia e k\u00ebsaj familjeje. N\u00eb shekullin XV Gjergj Araniti u b\u00eb i famsh\u00ebm p\u00ebr fitoret e tij kund\u00ebr turqve. Mbas revolt\u00ebs t\u00eb vitit 1432 menj\u00ebher\u00eb sulltan Murati i II d\u00ebrgoi kund\u00ebr Arb\u00ebris\u00eb nj\u00eb ushtri t\u00eb fuqishme t\u00eb komanduar nga Ali Beu. Prij\u00ebsit Arb\u00ebror, u organizuan edhe n\u00ebn komand\u00ebn e Gjergj Aranitit, e prit\u00ebn k\u00ebt\u00eb sulm me vendosm\u00ebri dhe shkat\u00ebrruan trupat turke ne 1433 n\u00eb malet e thepisura t\u00eb Kurveleshit. Disfata turke qe kaq e madhe sa lajmi i fitores s\u00eb Gjergj Aranitit u p\u00ebrhap n\u00eb europ\u00eb dhe u p\u00ebrsh\u00ebndet me entuziaz\u00ebm t\u00eb madh. Nj\u00eb vit m\u00eb pas nj\u00eb tjet\u00ebr ushtri turke erdhi n\u00eb Arb\u00ebri, por dhe ajo u shkat\u00ebrrua. Nj\u00eb ushtri e tret\u00eb, e drejtuar nga Isak Beu i Shkupit u kthye gjithashtu nga kryengrit\u00ebsit Arb\u00ebror. K\u00ebto tri fitore e shtuan hovin e revolt\u00ebs. N\u00eb k\u00ebshtjell\u00ebn e Gjirokastr\u00ebs ndodhej nj\u00eb garnizon turk, nj\u00eb luft\u00ebtar i familjes Zenerdisi i sulmoi por fati i tij qe tragjik, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsi i kryengritjes, u kap u burgos dhe u vra. Pas k\u00ebsaj disfate n\u00eb muret e Gjirokastr\u00ebs, Gjergj Araniti e vijoi rezistenc\u00ebn e tij n\u00eb male.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Sulltani qe i detyruar q\u00eb t\u00eb njihte nj\u00eb far\u00eb autonomie p\u00ebr zotrit Arb\u00ebror, gjithmon\u00eb duke k\u00ebrkuar garanci p\u00ebr besnik\u00ebrin\u00eb b\u00ebnte q\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7oheshin djemt\u00eb e tyre si peng n\u00eb oborrin e tij.<\/p>\n\n\n\n

Disfata q\u00eb p\u00ebsuan Turqit n\u00eb Nish nga forcat e Huniatit n\u00eb 1443 u dha shpresa t\u00eb reja Arb\u00ebrve. Pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb lakt\u00eb kohor Sk\u00ebnderbeu u kthye dhe mori pushtetin n\u00eb Principat\u00ebn e familjes s\u00eb tij. Nd\u00ebrkoh\u00eb duhet th\u00ebn\u00eb se Gjergj Araniti i sulmoi p\u00ebrs\u00ebri turqit rreth viteve 1443-1444.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nga MOIKOM ZEQO N\u00eb shekullin e XX shquhet nj\u00eb nga historian\u00ebt m\u00eb serioz t\u00eb Sk\u00ebnderbeologjis\u00eb, Athanas Gegaj. Ai studioi n\u00eb Franc\u00eb dhe u doktorua n\u00eb Universitetin e Lovenit n\u00eb Dizhon. Doktoratura e tij flet dhe fokusohet tek Arb\u00ebria e shekullit t\u00eb XV dhe  tek figura e Gjergj Kastriot Sk\u00ebnderbeut. \u00cbsht\u00eb nj\u00eb vep\u00ebr disiplinore ku jan\u00eb […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13584,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2,18,6],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-22127","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualitet","category-histori","category-kulture"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22127","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=22127"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22127\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":22128,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/22127\/revisions\/22128"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13584"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=22127"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=22127"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=22127"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}