{"id":19814,"date":"2018-07-19T13:06:37","date_gmt":"2018-07-19T11:06:37","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=19814"},"modified":"2018-07-19T13:06:37","modified_gmt":"2018-07-19T11:06:37","slug":"mbi-perberjen-gjenetike-te-shqiptareve-dhe-serbeve","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=19814","title":{"rendered":"Mbi p\u00ebrb\u00ebrjen gjenetike t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve dhe serb\u00ebve"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"\"<\/a><\/p>\n

Nga Alban Lauka*<\/a><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

Deklarata e Mustafa Nanos lidhur me \u201cgjakun\u201d e shqiptar\u00ebve po nxit reagime t\u00eb shumta, shpeshher\u00eb, po aq pa vend sa edhe deklarata fillestare. N\u00eb rastin m\u00eb flagrant, jan\u00eb botuar edhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebna gjenetike t\u00eb linjave at\u00ebrore, t\u00eb shoq\u00ebruara me interpretime t\u00eb gabuara, q\u00eb duket sikur mb\u00ebshtesin iden\u00eb e \u201cgjakut serb\u201d nd\u00ebr shqiptar\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb fundi i bot\u00ebs edhe po t\u00eb kemi elemente te gjakut serb mes nesh, fundja t\u00eb gjith\u00eb njer\u00ebz jemi, lindim te ngjashem,por rritemi ndryshe. Dhe n\u00ebse v\u00ebrtet ka prejardhje sllave mes nesh, kjo nuk na b\u00ebn m\u00eb pak shqiptar\u00eb, p\u00ebr sa koh\u00eb q\u00eb rritemi n\u00eb frym\u00ebne identitetit komb\u00ebtar shqiptar, me gjuh\u00ebn dhe traditat tona. Por e v\u00ebrteta e thjesht\u00eb q\u00eb del nga t\u00eb gjitha t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e deritanishme gjenetike tregon se nd\u00ebr t\u00eb gjith\u00eb popujt e Europ\u00ebs Lindore e Juglindore, shqiptar\u00ebt jan\u00eb populli me influx-in m\u00eb t\u00eb kufizuar t\u00eb linjave at\u00ebrore sllave.<\/p>\n

Testi gjenentik i linj\u00ebs at\u00ebrore mb\u00ebshtetet n\u00eb faktin se kromozomi Y, trash\u00ebgohet drejtp\u00ebrdrejt nga babai tek i biri, pra pa u shartuar me materialin gjenetik t\u00eb n\u00ebn\u00ebs. Si pasoj\u00eb, t\u00eb gjith\u00eb pasardh\u00ebsit mashkullor\u00eb t\u00eb\u00e7do burri kan\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjtin kromozom Y si ai vet\u00eb, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 ndonj\u00eb mutacioni. Duke i grupuar linjat at\u00ebrore sipas mutacioneve, kemi haplogrupet q\u00eb jan\u00eb p\u00ebrmendur k\u00ebto dit\u00eb: R1b, R1a, I, J, E1b1b, G, etj, si dhe shum\u00eb n\u00ebndeg\u00eb t\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n

Gabimi n\u00eb krahasimet q\u00eb qarkullojn\u00ebn\u00eb rrjet q\u00ebndron n\u00eb p\u00ebrq\u00ebndrimin n\u00eb k\u00ebto grupe t\u00eb m\u00ebdha dhe mosp\u00ebrfilljen e n\u00ebndeg\u00ebve. P\u00ebr shembull, R1b dhe R1a jan\u00eb n\u00ebndeg\u00eb t\u00eb haplogrupit R, por jan\u00ebndar\u00eb prej rreth 23 mij\u00eb vjetesh, kur nuk kishte as shqiptar\u00eb as serb\u00eb, madje as indo-europian\u00eb.Gjithashtu, \u00ebsht\u00eb gabim tu vishen etiketat \u201cEurop\u00eb Per\u00ebndimore\u201d shqiptar\u00ebve t\u00eb grupit R1b apo \u201cLindje e Mesme\u201d shqiptar\u00ebve t\u00eb grupit E1b1b, pasi n\u00ebndeg\u00ebt t\u00eb cilave u p\u00ebrkasin shqiptar\u00ebt kan\u00eb qen\u00eb n\u00eb Ballkan prej mij\u00ebra vitesh. Pra, duhen shikuar n\u00ebndeg\u00ebt e k\u00ebtyre grupeve, p\u00ebr t\u00eb dalluar ndarjet m\u00eb t\u00eb vonshme.<\/p>\n

Edhe pse duhen m\u00eb shum\u00eb teste p\u00ebr nj\u00eb pasqyr\u00eb sa m\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb popullsis\u00eb, nga testimet e deritanishme teshqiptar\u00ebve p\u00ebrmes komanive t\u00eb ndryshme del se shumica d\u00ebrrmuese e linjave at\u00ebrore mes neshutakojn\u00eb disa n\u00ebndeg\u00ebve t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta: n\u00ebngrupit E1b1b, n\u00ebndeg\u00ebs E-V13; n\u00ebngrupit J, n\u00ebndeg\u00ebs J2b2-L283; n\u00ebngrupit R1b, n\u00ebndeg\u00ebs R1b-Z2103>BY611. T\u00eb tri k\u00ebto n\u00ebndeg\u00eb, ose deg\u00ebparaardh\u00ebse t\u00eb tyre, gjenden n\u00eb Ballkan, t\u00eb pakt\u00ebn prej Epok\u00ebs s\u00eb Bronzit (Mathieson et al, 2017). Sipas Projektit Shqiptar p\u00ebr ADN, k\u00ebto tri deg\u00eb paleo-Ballkanike p\u00ebrfa\u00ebsojn\u00eb rreth 78% t\u00eb linjave at\u00ebrore nd\u00ebr shqiptar\u00eb,kurse nd\u00ebr shqiptar\u00ebt e Kosov\u00ebs dhe Lugin\u00ebs s\u00eb Preshev\u00ebs shifra \u00ebsht\u00eb rreth 83% (Veseli, 2018). N\u00ebndeg\u00ebt q\u00ebzakonisht gjenden nd\u00ebr sllav\u00eb, I2a1 dhe R1a-M417, p\u00ebrb\u00ebjn\u00ebvet\u00ebm 10-15% t\u00eb linjave shqiptare, edhe pse koh\u00ebt e fundit po dalin t\u00eb dh\u00ebna q\u00eb disa prej k\u00ebtyre linjave mund t\u00eb jen\u00eb ve\u00e7uar para etnogjenez\u00ebs sllave, gjat\u00eb Mesjet\u00ebs s\u00eb hershme. Studimet shkencore, edhe p\u00ebr shkak t\u00eb kostos, mb\u00ebshteten n\u00ebrezolucion m\u00eb t\u00eb ul\u00ebt testimi dhe num\u00ebr m\u00eb t\u00eb ult\u00ebt testesh, nxjerrin shifra t\u00eb p\u00ebraf\u00ebrta (Boattini et al, 2015; Ferri et al, 2010; Battaglia et al, 2009).<\/p>\n

Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, nd\u00ebr serb\u00eb, n\u00ebndeg\u00ebt tipike sllave I2a1 dhe R1a-M417 p\u00ebrfaq\u00ebsojn\u00eb respektivisht rreth 45-47% t\u00eb linjave at\u00ebrore, kurse tri n\u00ebndeg\u00ebt e lartp\u00ebrmendura paleo-Ballkanike vet\u00ebm 22-28% (Battaglia et al, 2009; Regueiro et al, 2012). Pjesa tjet\u00ebr p\u00ebrb\u00ebhet nga linja me prejardhje nga Europa Per\u00ebndimore e Veriore, si dhe nga Azia, n\u00eb mas\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb kufizuar. Pra, pjesa m\u00eb e madhe e linjave at\u00ebrore serbe vjen nga dyndjet e Mesjet\u00ebs s\u00eb hershme, m\u00eb s\u00eb shumti nga dyndjet sllave, nd\u00ebrsa nj\u00eb pakic\u00eb e konsiderueshme \u00ebsht\u00eb pasardh\u00ebse e linjave \u201cvendase\u201d. T\u00eb dh\u00ebnat flasin p\u00ebr nj\u00eb p\u00ebrq\u00ebndrim t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre linjave t\u00eb lashta Ballkanike n\u00eb pjes\u00ebt jugore e lindore t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi, si dhe n\u00eb jug t\u00eb Serbis\u00eb, pra pik\u00ebtisht n\u00eb zonat me prani historike t\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve. Si p\u00ebrfundim, n\u00ebse mund t\u00eb flitet p\u00ebr ADN t\u00eb ngjashme mes shqiptar\u00ebve dhe serb\u00ebve, \u00ebsht\u00ebpik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb saj\u00eb t\u00eb k\u00ebtij element ballkanik t\u00eb asimiluar nga sllav\u00ebt, e jo nga \u201cgjaku serb\u201d mes shqiptar\u00ebve, aq m\u00eb tep\u00ebr mes shqiptar\u00ebve t\u00eb Kosov\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

Si p\u00ebrfundim dua tu b\u00ebj thirrje t\u00eb gjith\u00eb shqiptar\u00ebve q\u00eb mos t\u00eb mjaftohen me spekulime pa themel si t\u00eb Nano-s, apo me \u201canaliza\u201d sip\u00ebrfa\u00ebsore q\u00eb qarkullojn\u00eb n\u00eb rrjet, por t\u2019i bashkohen Projektit Shqiptar p\u00ebr ADN (n\u00eb FTDNA: https:\/\/www.familytreedna.com\/groups\/albanian-bloodlines\/about\/background<\/a>; n\u00eb Facebook: https:\/\/web.facebook.com\/groups\/gjenetika\/<\/a>) ku mund t\u00eb merret informacion i sakt\u00eb e i holl\u00ebsish\u00ebm p\u00ebr t\u00eb dh\u00ebnat e deritanishme, si dhe p\u00ebr mund\u00ebsit\u00eb e ndryshme p\u00ebr tu testuar. Sa m\u00eb shum\u00eb teste, aq m\u00eb pak llafe boshe!<\/p>\n

Referenca:<\/p>\n

Mathieson et al. (2017). The Genomic History Of Southeastern Europe. Marr\u00eb nga http:\/\/www.biorxiv.org\/content\/early\/2017\/05\/30\/135616<\/a><\/p>\n

Veseli (2018). Statistikat. Marr\u00eb nga http:\/\/www.gjenetika.com\/statistikat\/<\/a><\/p>\n

Ferri, G., Tofanelli, S., Al\u00f9, M., Taglioli, L., Radheshi, E., Corradini, B., & … Beduschi, G. (2010). Y-STR variation in Albanian populations: implications on the match probabilities and the genetic legacy of the minority claiming an Egyptian descent. International Journal Of Legal Medicine, 124(5), 363-370. doi:10.1007\/s00414-010-0432-x<\/p>\n

Sarno, S., Tofanelli, S., De Fanti, S., Quagliariello, A., Bortolini, E., Ferri, G., & … Pettener, D. (2016). Shared language, diverging genetic histories: high-resolution analysis of Y-chromosome variability in Calabrian and Sicilian Arbereshe. European Journal Of Human Genetics: EJHG, 24(4), 600-606. doi:10.1038\/ejhg.2015.138<\/p>\n

Battaglia, V., Fornarino, S., Al-Zahery, N., Olivieri, A., Pala, M., Myres, N. M., & … Semino, O. (2009). Y-chromosomal evidence of the cultural diffusion of agriculture in southeast Europe. European Journal Of Human Genetics, 17(6), 820. doi:10.1038\/ejhg.2008.249<\/p>\n

Regueiro, M., Rivera, L., Damnjanovic, T., Lukovic, L., Milasin, J., & Herrera, R. J. (2012). High levels of Paleolithic Y-chromosome lineages characterize Serbia. Gene, 49859-67. doi:10.1016\/j.gene.2012.01.030<\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

*<\/a>Georgia State Univesity, kandidat PhD n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Nga Alban Lauka*   Deklarata e Mustafa Nanos lidhur me \u201cgjakun\u201d e shqiptar\u00ebve po nxit reagime t\u00eb shumta, shpeshher\u00eb, po aq pa vend sa edhe deklarata fillestare. N\u00eb rastin m\u00eb flagrant, jan\u00eb botuar edhe t\u00eb dh\u00ebna gjenetike t\u00eb linjave at\u00ebrore, t\u00eb shoq\u00ebruara me interpretime t\u00eb gabuara, q\u00eb duket sikur mb\u00ebshtesin iden\u00eb e \u201cgjakut serb\u201d nd\u00ebr […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":19815,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2,12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-19814","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualitet","category-opinione"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19814","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=19814"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19814\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":19816,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/19814\/revisions\/19816"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/19815"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=19814"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=19814"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=19814"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}