{"id":16512,"date":"2017-11-16T22:42:54","date_gmt":"2017-11-16T21:42:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=16512"},"modified":"2017-11-17T00:09:30","modified_gmt":"2017-11-16T23:09:30","slug":"partite-politike-dhe-demokracia-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=16512","title":{"rendered":"PARTIT\u00cb POLITIKE DHE DEMOKRACIA INTERNE"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Qani-osmani.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-13730 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Qani-osmani.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"448\" height=\"441\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Qani-osmani.jpg 448w, https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Qani-osmani-300x295.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/04\/Qani-osmani-70x70.jpg 70w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 448px) 100vw, 448px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Shkruan Qani\u00a0 Osmani<\/em><\/strong><strong><br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>Marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnjet brendapartiake, n\u00eb parim paraqesin fsheht\u00ebsi p\u00ebr njer\u00ebzit jasht\u00eb partive, por nganj\u00ebher\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr vet\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e r\u00ebndomt\u00eb t\u00eb partive politike. \u00cbsht\u00eb e zakonshme q\u00eb partit\u00eb para opinionit t\u00eb plasojn\u00eb informata mjaft t\u00ebrheq\u00ebse p\u00ebr struktur\u00ebn e an\u00ebtar\u00ebsis\u00eb partiake, funksionimin e organeve partiake, pjes\u00ebmarrjen e barabart\u00eb n\u00eb diskutim t\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb partis\u00eb pa marr\u00eb parasysh pozit\u00ebn e tyre n\u00eb hierarkin\u00eb partiake etj. Megjithat\u00eb, edhe pse informatat q\u00eb i ofrojn\u00eb organet partiake dhe individ\u00eb t\u00eb autorizuar l\u00ebn\u00eb p\u00ebrshtypje se brenda partive politike lul\u00ebzon demokracia, analizat m\u00eb t\u00eb thella \u00e7doher\u00eb e v\u00ebrtetojn\u00eb t\u00eb kund\u00ebrt\u00ebn, respektivisht se jeta partiake nuk p\u00ebrkon me marr\u00ebdh\u00ebniet e v\u00ebrteta demokratike. Mbetet nj\u00eb e v\u00ebrtet e pakontestueshme ajo q\u00eb thon\u00eb shum\u00eb hulumtues se: <strong>\u201cUdh\u00ebheqjet partiake n\u00eb parim nga syt\u00eb e opinionit, por edhe nga an\u00ebtar\u00ebsia e vet, me xhelozi e fshehin armatur\u00ebn e brendshme dhe anatomin\u00eb e partive t\u00eb tyre\u201d.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb raporteve t\u00eb brendshme partit\u00eb politike ndahen n\u00eb <strong>\u201cdemokratike\u201d<\/strong> me shkall\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb demokracis\u00eb n\u00eb to dhe <strong>\u201cautoritare autokratike \u201c<\/strong> me shkall\u00eb t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb autokracis\u00eb. P\u00ebr partit\u00eb demokratike \u00ebsht\u00eb karakteristike se an\u00ebtar\u00ebt n\u00eb to an\u00ebtar\u00ebsohen me vullnet t\u00eb lir\u00eb, ato n\u00eb p\u00ebrmasa m\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebdha ose m\u00eb t\u00eb vogla jan\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebse n\u00eb formimin dhe realizimin e politik\u00ebs s\u00eb partis\u00eb dhe normalisht, n\u00eb rast t\u00eb largimit nga partia nuk kan\u00eb pasoja n\u00eb aktivitetin e tyre profesional dhe n\u00eb jet\u00ebn e p\u00ebrditshme. Partit\u00eb autoritare (autokratike) llogariten partit\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat an\u00ebtar\u00ebt n\u00eb parim gjenden jasht\u00eb procesit t\u00eb formimit t\u00eb politik\u00ebs brendapartiake. An\u00ebtar\u00ebsia n\u00eb k\u00ebto parti rrept\u00ebsisht i n\u00ebnshtrohet udh\u00ebheqjes dhe pa parashtruar pyetje vihen n\u00eb sh\u00ebrbim t\u00eb zbatimit t\u00eb urdh\u00ebrave t\u00eb saj. N\u00eb k\u00ebto parti \u00ebsht\u00eb e pamundshme an\u00ebtari vullnetarisht t\u00eb largohet nga radh\u00ebt partiake, nd\u00ebrsa p\u00ebrjashtimi nga partia \u00ebsht\u00eb i barabart\u00eb me ndjekje.<\/p>\n<p>Kur flasim p\u00ebr minimumin e raporteve demokratike brenda partive politike dhe n\u00eb qoft\u00eb se si paramet\u00ebr e marrim vullnetin e lir\u00eb t\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve n\u00eb procesin e antar\u00ebsimit, gjithsesi duhet theksuar se vullneti i lir\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb kategori relative dhe drejtp\u00ebrdrejt e lidhur me motivet e an\u00ebtar\u00ebsimit q\u00eb m\u00eb tep\u00ebr jan\u00eb t\u00eb natyr\u00ebs psikologjike dhe \u00ebsht\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb zbulohen. N\u00eb qoft\u00eb se n\u00eb shoq\u00ebri nuk funksionojn\u00eb instuticionet e sistemit dhe qytetari \u00ebsht\u00eb i detyruar t\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebsohet n\u00eb parti politike p\u00ebr t\u2019i realizuar disa t\u00eb drejta dhe liri elementare q\u00eb konsiderohen si vlera t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme t\u00eb demokracis\u00eb moderne, si\u00e7 \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr shembull e drejta e pun\u00ebsimit. N\u00eb at\u00eb rast \u00ebsht\u00eb tep\u00ebr v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb flitet p\u00ebr an\u00ebtar\u00ebsim n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb vullnetit, por mund t\u00eb flitet p\u00ebr an\u00ebtar\u00ebsim t\u00eb nj\u00eb dhune t\u00eb sofistikuar. N\u00ebnkuptohet se k\u00ebtu duhet eliminuar motivet e antarsimit n\u00eb faz\u00ebn nism\u00ebtare t\u00eb pluralizmit partiak, ku qytetar\u00ebt e Malit t\u00eb Zi, sidomos ata shqiptar\u00eb, n\u00eb partit\u00eb e tyre u an\u00ebtar\u00ebsuan nga motive shum\u00eb t\u00eb sinqerta duke qen\u00eb t\u00eb bindur se organizimi politik-partiak i shqiptar\u00ebve n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi \u00ebsht\u00eb alternativa e vetme q\u00eb \u00e7on drejt homogjenitetit komb\u00ebtar dhe avancimin e \u00e7\u00ebshtjes shqiptare n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi.<\/p>\n<p>Megjithat\u00eb, me kalimin e koh\u00ebs shum\u00eb\u00e7ka u zbeh dhe votuesit shqiptar\u00eb dal\u00ebgadal\u00eb jan\u00eb duke e m\u00ebsuar <strong>\u201calfabetin\u201d<\/strong> e funksionimit t\u00eb partive politike me t\u00eb gjitha p\u00ebrpar\u00ebsit\u00eb dhe mang\u00ebsit\u00eb q\u00eb i ng\u00ebrthen n\u00eb vete. \u00cbsht\u00eb fsheht\u00ebsi publike se sot partit\u00eb politike n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb shtet (sidomos ato t\u00eb pozit\u00ebs), ve\u00e7 tjerash e luajn\u00eb edhe rolin e enteve p\u00ebr pun\u00ebsim, se fati dhe perspektiva e shum\u00eb qytetar\u00ebve profesionalisht shum\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur varen nga vullneti i <strong>\u201cbosave lokal\u201d,<\/strong> t\u00eb cil\u00ebt n\u00eb t\u00eb shumt\u00ebn e rasteve nuk posedojn\u00eb kurrfar\u00eb vlerash shoq\u00ebrore, por megjithat\u00eb jan\u00eb shum\u00eb t\u00eb <strong>\u201cdashur\u201d<\/strong> p\u00ebr oligarkit\u00eb partiake p\u00ebr arsye t\u00eb njohura.<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb qoft\u00eb se i marrim dhe i analizojm\u00eb dokumentet partiake t\u00eb partive politike shqiptare n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi, lirisht mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundojm\u00eb se te ato <strong>\u201clul\u00ebzon demokracia e brendshme (interne)\u201d.<\/strong> T\u00eb gjitha partit\u00eb politike shqiptare n\u00eb statutet e tyre e avancojn\u00eb pozit\u00ebn e an\u00ebtarit t\u00eb r\u00ebndomt\u00eb t\u00eb partis\u00eb frym\u00ebn kolektive n\u00eb procesin e vendimarjes, duke krijuar nj\u00eb opinion se b\u00ebrthama partiake dhe udh\u00ebheqja e shprehin vullnetin e an\u00ebtar\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb gj\u00ebr\u00eb, se ato me \u00e7do kusht jan\u00eb vet\u00ebm transmetues t\u00eb vendimeve paraprakisht t\u00eb marra n\u00eb nivele apo forume t\u00eb ndryshme partiake etj. Megjithat\u00eb, \u00e7do an\u00ebtar i r\u00ebndomt\u00eb i partive politike, por edhe trupi zgjedhor n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, e kan\u00eb m\u00eb se t\u00eb qart\u00eb se dallimi nd\u00ebrmjet deklaratives dhe t\u00eb realizueshmes, teoris\u00eb dhe praktik\u00ebs te k\u00ebto parti politike \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb i madh.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr partit\u00eb politike shqiptare q\u00eb veprojn\u00eb n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi, argument mjaft i rand\u00ebsish\u00ebm n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb drejtim \u00ebsht\u00eb luhatshm\u00ebria n\u00eb bindjen politike t\u00eb trupit zgjedhor shqiptar i cili n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb drastike ndryshon pas nj\u00eb cikli t\u00eb shkurt\u00ebr kohor, duke ia dh\u00ebn\u00eb vot\u00ebbesimin subjektit m\u00eb t\u00eb ri shqiptar\u00eb q\u00eb u paraqit n\u00eb sken\u00ebn politike t\u00eb Malit t\u00eb Zi. Dometh\u00ebn\u00eb votuesit shqiptar\u00eb edhe pas dy dekadave e m\u00eb tep\u00ebr t\u00eb jet\u00ebs pluralo-partiake edhe m\u00eb tutje gjenden n\u00eb faz\u00ebn e k\u00ebrkimit t\u00eb subjektit politik shqiptar i cili n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00ebfillt\u00eb dhe me konsekuenc\u00eb do t\u00eb prezentojn\u00eb dhe t\u2019a mbroj\u00eb interesin e popullat\u00ebs shqiptare n\u00eb mikro dhe n\u00eb makro-plan.<\/p>\n<p>Kur flasim p\u00ebr demokracin\u00eb brendapartiake (interne) \u00e7doher\u00eb duhet t\u00eb kemi parasysh\u00eb se shikuar n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi \u00ebsht\u00eb fjala p\u00ebr demokraci t\u00eb <strong>\u201ct\u00ebrrthort\u00eb\u201d,<\/strong> dometh\u00ebn\u00eb indirekte q\u00eb vet\u00ebvetiu e n\u00ebnkupton edhe mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e tjet\u00ebrsimit t\u00eb pushtetit politik,me \u00e7\u2019rast t\u00eb zgjedhurit gjat\u00eb procesit t\u00eb vendosjes duke i shfryt\u00ebzuar pozicionet e krijuara n\u00eb vend q\u00eb ta shprehin vullnetin e atyre q\u00eb i kan\u00eb zgjedhur, ata e shprehin q\u00ebndrimin dhe vullnetin e tyre personal, duke mbajtur \u00e7doher\u00eb llogari p\u00ebr interesat m\u00eb t\u00eb ngushta.<\/p>\n<p>Si faktor\u00eb i dyt\u00eb q\u00eb ndikon n\u00eb zhvillimin e demokracis\u00eb interne \u00ebsht\u00eb <strong>\u201cemancipimi\u201d<\/strong> politik i an\u00ebtar\u00ebsis. An\u00ebtar\u00ebt e paarsimuar objektivisht mund shum\u00eb leht\u00eb t\u00eb manipulohen. Q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb procesi politik demokratik nuk mjafton q\u00eb t\u00eb jen\u00eb pjes\u00ebmar\u00ebs n\u00eb diskutim num\u00ebr sa m\u00eb i madh i an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb partis\u00eb. Pjes\u00ebmarrja n\u00eb debate automatikisht nuk n\u00ebnkupton se antar\u00ebsia e gj\u00ebr\u00eb me k\u00ebt\u00eb b\u00ebhet edhe kreatore e v\u00ebrtet\u00eb e taktik\u00ebs dhe strategjis\u00eb partiake. Gjith\u00ebsesi, an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e partis\u00eb q\u00eb nuk kan\u00eb s\u00eb paku nj\u00eb minimum t\u00eb njohurive e kan\u00eb shum\u00eb v\u00ebshtir\u00eb t\u00eb ky\u00e7en n\u00eb debat, t\u2019i japin kahe debatit, t\u00eb japin propozime konkrete, t\u00eb ofrojn\u00eb alternativa dhe s\u00eb fundi, t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktohen m\u00ebvet\u00ebsisht\u00eb n\u00eb baz\u00eb t\u00eb vet\u00ebdijes s\u00eb tyre.<\/p>\n<p>Si faktor\u00eb tjet\u00ebr q\u00eb ndikon n\u00eb nivelin e demokracis\u00eb interne \u00ebsht\u00eb <strong>\u201cinformimi\u201d<\/strong> permanent i an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb partis\u00eb dhe puna publike e organeve partiake. Partit\u00eb politike n\u00eb praktik\u00ebn e veprimit t\u00eb tyre, me q\u00ebllim ose pa q\u00ebllim ndodhin ngecje n\u00eb at\u00eb q\u00eb do ta kishim quajtur sistem i informimit brendapartiak. Do t\u00eb thoja se n\u00eb t\u00eb shumt\u00ebn e rasteve funsionon <strong>\u201csistemi informativ i dozuar\u201d. <\/strong>Organet m\u00eb t\u00eb larta partiake, respektivisht funsionar\u00ebt e lart\u00eb partiak\u00eb, nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb informatave q\u00eb kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me funsionimin e partive politike i mbajn\u00eb si <strong>\u201cfsheht\u00ebsi\u201d.<\/strong> Mbajtja e informatave si di\u00e7ka e fsheht\u00eb b\u00ebhet s\u00eb paku p\u00ebr dy q\u00ebllime kryesore. Si e para, n\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb funsionar\u00ebt e lart\u00eb partiak\u00eb d\u00ebshirojn\u00eb t\u00eb fitojn\u00eb n\u00eb pesh\u00eb, se gjoja ata jan\u00eb di\u00e7ka e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb dhe se roli i tyre n\u00eb parti \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm se roli i t\u00eb tjer\u00ebve, dhe si e dyta, b\u00ebrthamat partiake shum\u00eb shpejt\u00eb <strong>\u201cvet\u00ebdijesohen\u201d <\/strong>p\u00ebr pozicionet e tyre dhe e kuptojn\u00eb se n\u00eb duart e atij q\u00eb i posedon informatat gjendet edhe pushteti i v\u00ebrtet\u00eb.<\/p>\n<p>Shikuar nga ky k\u00ebndv\u00ebshtrim, nuk jan\u00eb aspak naive dhe pa prapavij\u00eb veprimet e lider\u00ebve t\u00eb partive politike shqiptare n\u00eb Mal t\u00eb Zi, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt nuk mbajn\u00eb kontakte t\u00eb rregullta me an\u00ebtar\u00ebsin e gj\u00ebr\u00eb, i thyejn\u00eb edhe normat statutare n\u00eb aspektin e mbajtjes s\u00eb mbledhjeve me forumet e niveleve t\u00eb ndryshme partiake, dhe s\u00eb fundi, edhe at\u00ebher\u00eb kur vendosin t\u00eb mbajn\u00eb mbledhje, rendin e dit\u00ebs e shpallojn\u00eb aty p\u00ebr aty. Kjo b\u00ebhet me t\u00eb vetmin q\u00ebllim q\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebsia e r\u00ebndomt\u00eb ose funsionar\u00ebt e niveleve m\u00eb t\u00eb ulta t\u00eb mos ken\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb mjaftueshme q\u00eb t\u00eb jen\u00eb aktiv, t\u00eb marrin q\u00ebndrim kritik ose t\u00eb formojn\u00eb q\u00ebndrim t\u00eb vetin q\u00eb do t\u00eb kishte qen\u00eb ndoshta edhe krejt ndryshe nga ai q\u00eb e imponojn\u00eb oligarkit\u00eb partiake. Andaj nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb e rastit q\u00eb intelektual\u00ebt, e sidomos ata q\u00eb jan\u00eb t\u00eb d\u00ebshmuar n\u00eb profesionin e tyre t\u00eb mos jen\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00ebseardhur n\u00eb mbledhjet partiake.<\/p>\n<p>P\u00ebr fund mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfundojm\u00eb se si parti demokratike mund t\u00eb konsiderohet vet\u00ebm partit\u00eb politike n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat pushtetin e ushtrojn\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebt drejt\u00ebp\u00ebrrs\u00ebdrejti, ose n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb t\u00ebrthort\u00eb, at\u00ebher\u00eb kur organet partiake e realizojn\u00eb vullnetin e an\u00ebtar\u00ebsis\u00eb, respektivisht vullnetin e shumic\u00ebs, sidomos kur \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb kund\u00ebrshtim me q\u00ebndrimet e kreut partiak.<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n<p>&nbsp;<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Shkruan Qani\u00a0 Osmani &nbsp; Marr\u00ebdh\u00ebnjet brendapartiake, n\u00eb parim paraqesin fsheht\u00ebsi p\u00ebr njer\u00ebzit jasht\u00eb partive, por nganj\u00ebher\u00eb edhe p\u00ebr vet\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebt e r\u00ebndomt\u00eb t\u00eb partive politike. \u00cbsht\u00eb e zakonshme q\u00eb partit\u00eb para opinionit t\u00eb plasojn\u00eb informata mjaft t\u00ebrheq\u00ebse p\u00ebr struktur\u00ebn e an\u00ebtar\u00ebsis\u00eb partiake, funksionimin e organeve partiake, pjes\u00ebmarrjen e barabart\u00eb n\u00eb diskutim t\u00eb an\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb partis\u00eb [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":13730,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2,12],"tags":[492],"class_list":["post-16512","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualitet","category-opinione","tag-qani-ormani"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16512","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16512"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16512\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16517,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16512\/revisions\/16517"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/13730"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16512"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16512"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16512"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}