{"id":16126,"date":"2017-10-28T05:55:54","date_gmt":"2017-10-28T03:55:54","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=16126"},"modified":"2017-10-13T11:57:39","modified_gmt":"2017-10-13T09:57:39","slug":"16126","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=16126","title":{"rendered":"Matrica kulturore e nacionalizmit"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><a href=\"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/nike-gashaj-malesia.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"aligncenter wp-image-14722 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/nike-gashaj-malesia.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"300\" height=\"433\" srcset=\"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/nike-gashaj-malesia.jpg 300w, https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/wp-content\/uploads\/2017\/07\/nike-gashaj-malesia-208x300.jpg 208w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 300px) 100vw, 300px\" \/><\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>NACIONALIZMI \u00a0DHE\u00a0 IDENTITETI KULTUROR (V)<br \/>\n<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Nik\u00eb Gashaj<\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Matrica kulturore e nacionalizmit <\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Bota e llojllojshm\u00ebris\u00eb kulturore, shumica e \u201ckulturave t\u00eb zgjedhura\u201c, gjithashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb bot\u00eb e historicizmit etnik. N\u00eb shikim t\u00eb par\u00eb nj\u00eb bot\u00eb e till\u00eb duket se \u00ebsht\u00eb larg bot\u00ebs s\u00eb absolutizmit territorial, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin kan\u00eb lindur ideologjit\u00eb nacionaliste, simbolika dhe l\u00ebvizjet. Mir\u00ebpo, idealet nacionaliste, motivet dhe simbolet p\u00ebr her\u00eb t\u00eb par\u00eb jan\u00eb paraqitur pik\u00ebrisht n\u00eb Europ\u00ebn Per\u00ebndimore kah fundi i shekullit XVII dhe fillimi i shek. XVIII. Sepse derisa Europa e shekullit XVI dhe e pjes\u00ebs m\u00eb t\u00eb madhe t\u00eb shek.XVII ka qen\u00eb d\u00ebshmitare e l\u00ebvizjeve t\u00eb fuqishme t\u00eb nacionalizmit fetar mesian- n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti n\u00eb Holand\u00eb dhe n\u00eb Angli, por edhe n\u00eb Poloni-konceptet, termat, idealet, simbolet dhe mitet e kombit, si q\u00ebllim i fundit \u00ebsht\u00eb dashur t\u00eb presin nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb m\u00ebvonshme, nd\u00ebrsa \u201cdoktrina thelb\u00ebsore\u201c dhe l\u00ebvizjet ideologjike nj\u00eb koh\u00eb dhe m\u00eb von\u00eb (mbi nacionalizmat e njohur t\u00eb mesjet\u00ebs, V.Tipton, 1972; shembulli holandez sh te Schame, 1978, 1\/2)<\/p>\n<p>Natyrisht se k\u00ebtu ka t\u00eb b\u00ebhet me procese t\u00eb p\u00ebrb\u00ebra dhe t\u00eb nd\u00ebrlikuara, t\u00eb cilat nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb kurr\u00eb e leht\u00eb t\u2019i periodizosh, e jo m\u00eb sakt\u00ebsisht t\u2019i datosh. Nuk ekziston ndonj\u00eb faz\u00eb e caktuar, e aq m\u00eb pak momenti, se kur mund t\u00eb tregohet sakt\u00ebsisht mbi dukurin\u00eb e nacionalizmit t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb. Kur historian\u00ebt debatojn\u00eb mbi at\u00eb se nacionalizmi \u00ebsht\u00eb paraqitur n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e ndarjes s\u00eb kolonis\u00eb (Lord Akton), n\u00eb koh\u00ebn e revolucionit amerikan (Benedikt Anderson), te revolucioni anglez (Hans Kon), madje edhe n\u00eb fjalimet e Fihtes drejtuar kombit gjerman m\u00eb 1807 (Keduri), ajo na tregon shum\u00eb\u00e7ka mbi definicionet e tyre t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb nacionalizmit, por jo aq edhe mbi dukurin\u00eb e tij.<\/p>\n<p>\u00c7ka ka m\u00eb shum\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi, ata e b\u00ebn\u00eb nj\u00eb periudh\u00eb shum\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb t\u00eb pjekuris\u00eb s\u00eb nacionalizmit si gjuh\u00eb dhe simbolik\u00eb, por edhe si vet\u00ebdije dhe synim. Meq\u00ebn\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb tejet v\u00ebshtir\u00eb ta vler\u00ebsosh vet\u00ebdij\u00ebn edhe sentimentin, p\u00ebrve\u00e7 n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb indirekte, m\u00eb i miri \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrq\u00ebndrimi mbi t\u00eb z\u00ebnunit fill dhe n\u00eb fillimin e termave nacionaliste, t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs, miteve dhe simboleve (Kemilalinena, 1964; Barnard, 1965, kreu 1).<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb shekullin XVII hasim n\u00eb nj\u00eb interesim m\u00eb t\u00eb madh p\u00ebr iden\u00eb mbi \u201ckarakterin nacional\u201c dhe \u201cfrym\u00ebn nacionale\u201c. K\u00ebt\u00eb t\u00eb dytin e ndeshim te Lord Shaftsberia mbi t\u00eb arriturat britanike, nd\u00ebrkaq mund t\u2019i shtohet edhe krahasimi i Xh. Ri\u00e7ardson-it midis anglez\u00ebve nga nj\u00ebra an\u00eb dhe grek\u00ebve antik\u00eb dhe romak\u00ebve nga ana tjet\u00ebr, p\u00ebr \u00e7ka ai pohon: \u201ckrenaria e shprehur, mendimi fisnik, bukuria e lart\u00eb, liridashja, karakteri dhe nderi tek ne jan\u00eb karakteristik\u00eb dhe trash\u00ebgohen prej t\u00eb par\u00ebve tan\u00eb, t\u00eb cil\u00ebt na p\u00ebrkasin neve si anglez\u00eb\u201c (Richardson, 1725, 222-224).<\/p>\n<p>Sentimente t\u00eb ngjashme mund t\u00eb hasen dhe n\u00eb Franc\u00eb, n\u00eb shekullin XVIII. I ashtuquajturi At\u00eb Daniel madh\u00ebsin\u00eb dhe madh\u00ebshtin\u00eb e Franc\u00ebs e ka v\u00ebn\u00eb n\u00eb kontekst me monarkin\u00eb e saj, duke deklaruar se \u201cvet\u00eb antika do t\u00eb gjente shum\u00eb\u201c\u00a0 mahnitje t\u00eb denj\u00eb n\u00eb krijesat e panum\u00ebrta t\u00eb arteve t\u00eb ndryshme, n\u00eb mija bizarite dhe madh\u00ebshti, t\u00eb cilat n\u00eb koh\u00ebn ton\u00eb i ka krijuar Franca\u201c; nd\u00ebrsa Anri-Fransoa Dageso, n\u00eb fjalimin e tij n\u00eb Parlamentin e Parisit m\u00eb 1715 e lavd\u00ebroi dhe theksoi dashurin\u00eb ndaj partis\u00eb\u201c, n\u00eb t\u00eb cil\u00ebn \u201cqytetar\u00ebt e gjejn\u00eb patrin\u00eb, kurse patria i gjen qytetar\u00ebt\u201c (\u00cb.F.Churcha, 1975).<\/p>\n<p>N\u00eb Franc\u00eb, kah mesi i shekullit XVIII, koncepti i \u201ckarakterit nacional ka qen\u00eb gjer\u00ebsisht i pranuar dhe i p\u00ebrhapur\u201c.<\/p>\n<p>Nd\u00ebrkaq, n\u00eb pjes\u00ebn e dyt\u00eb t\u00eb shekullit XVIII nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb e till\u00eb nacionale ka qen\u00eb e p\u00ebrhapur dhe n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb, n\u00eb Gjermani n\u00eb Zvic\u00ebr, n\u00eb Itali, n\u00eb Holand\u00eb, n\u00eb Suedi, n\u00eb Poloni dhe n\u00eb Rusi.<\/p>\n<p>Revolucioni kulturor e ka frym\u00ebzuar besimin n\u00eb mund\u00ebsin\u00eb e p\u00ebrparimit q\u00eb shtetet dhe qytet\u00ebrimet mund t\u00eb renditen sipas hierarkis\u00eb kulturore t\u00eb frym\u00ebs apo shpirtit nacional. \u201cHistoricizmi, besimi n\u00eb t\u00eb lindurit, n\u00eb t\u00eb rriturit, n\u00eb t\u00eb lul\u00ebzimit dhe shkat\u00ebrrimit t\u00eb popujve dhe kulturave, \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb gjithnj\u00eb e m\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00ebs si suaz\u00eb p\u00ebr shqyrtimin e s\u00eb kaluar\u00ebs dhe t\u00eb tashmes dhe si parim i shpjegimit t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsis\u00eb s\u00eb ngjarjeve t\u00eb ndryshme, duke i v\u00eb ngjarjet dhe personalitetet n\u00eb nj\u00eb kontekst historik p\u00ebrkat\u00ebs. Andaj, n\u00eb Britani dhe n\u00eb Franc\u00eb gjat\u00eb shekullit XVIII gjinden nj\u00eb num\u00ebr i madh i vepravet\u00eb cilat merren sikurse me historin\u00eb klasike, ashtu edhe me at\u00eb nacionalen, me prejardhjen e popujve, si dhe me ve\u00e7orit\u00eb dhe karakterin e tyre historik (V. Poliakov, 1974, n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti kreu 8; Nisbet, 1969).<\/p>\n<p>\/Fund\/<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>NACIONALIZMI \u00a0DHE\u00a0 IDENTITETI KULTUROR (V) Nik\u00eb Gashaj Matrica kulturore e nacionalizmit Bota e llojllojshm\u00ebris\u00eb kulturore, shumica e \u201ckulturave t\u00eb zgjedhura\u201c, gjithashtu \u00ebsht\u00eb bot\u00eb e historicizmit etnik. N\u00eb shikim t\u00eb par\u00eb nj\u00eb bot\u00eb e till\u00eb duket se \u00ebsht\u00eb larg bot\u00ebs s\u00eb absolutizmit territorial, n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin kan\u00eb lindur ideologjit\u00eb nacionaliste, simbolika dhe l\u00ebvizjet. Mir\u00ebpo, idealet nacionaliste, [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":14722,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2,12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-16126","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualitet","category-opinione"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16126","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=16126"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16126\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":16128,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/16126\/revisions\/16128"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/14722"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=16126"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=16126"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=16126"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}