{"id":15925,"date":"2017-09-26T09:31:07","date_gmt":"2017-09-26T07:31:07","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=15925"},"modified":"2017-09-26T09:31:07","modified_gmt":"2017-09-26T07:31:07","slug":"perdorimi-i-gjuhes-se-pakices-kombetare","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=15925","title":{"rendered":"P\u00cbRDORIMI I GJUH\u00cbS S\u00cb PAKIC\u00cbS KOMB\u00cbTARE"},"content":{"rendered":"
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Ilustrim<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n

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\u00a0 Shkruan <\/strong>Nik\u00eb Gashaj<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u00a0<\/strong><\/p>\n

Respektimi i t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb pakicave dhe personave t\u00eb cil\u00ebt u p\u00ebrkasin atyre \u00ebsht\u00eb faktor me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi p\u00ebr paq, stabilitet dhe demokraci. Ndersa, p\u00ebrdorimi i gjuh\u00ebs dhe kultur\u00ebs s\u00eb pakic\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb sh\u00ebnj\u00eb e pasuris\u00eb dhe e vitalitetit t\u00eb qytet\u00ebrimit evropian.<\/p>\n

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E drejta p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb pakic\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare n\u00eb esenc\u00eb b\u00ebn\u00eb pjes\u00eb n\u00eb nj\u00eb seri t\u00eb s\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb kultivimit t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs dhe tradit\u00ebs s\u00eb vet. Mir\u00ebpo, r\u00ebnd\u00ebsia e ruajtjes dhe p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb lir\u00eb t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb e till\u00eb q\u00eb duhet t\u00eb ndahet dhe ve\u00e7enarisht t\u00eb shqyrtohet.<\/p>\n

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Pik\u00ebrisht, harresa e gjuh\u00ebs amtare paraqet hapin e par\u00eb serioz kah asimilimi i plot\u00eb. Kjo e drejt\u00eb ka seri formash t\u00eb ndryshme. Para s\u00eb gjithash, n\u00eb koh\u00ebn ton\u00eb pakicave u garantohet e drejta p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin privat t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs amtare, por dhe n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin e saj publik me goj\u00eb dhe me shkrim.<\/p>\n

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E drejt\u00eb e ve\u00e7ant\u00eb<\/p>\n

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E drejta p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin publik t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare ka dhe nj\u00eb seri formash shtes\u00eb, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjerat \u00ebsht\u00eb dhe e drejta e informimit publik n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebt e pakicave. Fjala \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr nj\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, e cila \u00ebsht\u00eb e domosdoshme p\u00ebr sigurimin e barazis\u00eb s\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb t\u00eb pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb pakicave, e cila nuk do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb realizohet p\u00ebrpa rregulla t\u00eb p\u00ebrgjithshme p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e lir\u00eb t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebve t\u00eb pakicave. Nj\u00eb nga format e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb lir\u00eb t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb pakicave \u00ebsht\u00eb dhe e drejta e pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb pakicave q\u00eb emrin dhe mbiemrin e vet ta shkruajn\u00eb n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e vet. Me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimi i gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb pakicave n\u00eb sistemin arsimor, dmth. sigurimi i arsimit n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e pakicave.<\/p>\n

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Zhvillimi i ides\u00eb p\u00ebr nevojn\u00eb e mbrojtjes s\u00eb pakicave ka \u00e7ua dhe deri te ngritja e vet\u00ebdijes p\u00ebr at\u00eb se \u00ebsht\u00eb i domosdosh\u00ebm dhe sigurimi i formave p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit zyrtar t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb pakicave.<\/p>\n

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Relativisht, kaher\u00eb praktikohet zgjidhja sipas t\u00eb cil\u00ebs pala n\u00eb procedur\u00ebn gjyq\u00ebsore, administrative e t\u00eb tjera, e cila nuk e din gjuh\u00ebn zyrtare n\u00eb procedur\u00eb administrative, ka t\u00eb drejt\u00eb p\u00ebr p\u00ebrkthyes ( ajo e drejt\u00eb u njihet t\u00eb gjith\u00ebve, prandaj dhe shtet\u00ebs\u00ebve t\u00eb huaj). Mir\u00ebpo, p\u00ebrdorimi zyrtar i gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare n\u00ebnkupton nj\u00eb hap\u00eb p\u00ebrpara m\u00eb serioz n\u00eb zhvillimin e institutit dhe praktik\u00ebs s\u00eb mbrojtjes s\u00eb pakicave.<\/p>\n

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P\u00ebrdorimi i gjuh\u00ebs amtare nga pal\u00ebt dhe d\u00ebshmitar\u00ebt n\u00eb procedimin gjyq\u00ebsore dhe procedura t\u00eb tjera administrative paraqet kusht elementar jo vet\u00ebm p\u00ebr zhvillimin fer t\u00eb procedur\u00ebs, por dhe p\u00ebr nj\u00eb njohje t\u00eb\u00a0 nevojshme t\u00eb gjendjes s\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb faktike dhe juridike nga ana e organit t\u00eb autorizuar, respektivisht nga pjes\u00ebmarr\u00ebsit n\u00eb\u00a0 procedur\u00eb p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse. Te p\u00ebrdorimi zyrtar i gjuh\u00ebve t\u00eb pakicave, ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj me ngritjen e rolit t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebve t\u00eb pakicave n\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel m\u00eb t\u00eb lart\u00eb cil\u00ebsor.<\/p>\n

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Niveli m\u00eb i lart\u00eb<\/p>\n

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P\u00ebrdorimi zyrtar i gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb pakic\u00ebs do t\u00eb thot\u00eb q\u00eb jo vet\u00ebm komunikimi me pal\u00eb (d\u00ebshmitar\u00eb, ekspert\u00eb etj.) t\u00eb b\u00ebhet n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e saj amtare, por dhe vet procedura t\u00eb zhvillohet n\u00eb at\u00eb gjuh\u00eb (n\u00eb at\u00eb gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb komunikojn\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarrsit e procedur\u00ebs)\u00a0 dhe n\u00eb at\u00eb gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrpilohen t\u00eb gjitha shkresat. Ekzistojn\u00eb dhe forma t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit zyrtar t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebve t\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare, sikurse jan\u00eb: mbajtja e evidencave shkollore dhe l\u00ebshimi i d\u00ebftesave shkollore; shtypja e formular\u00ebve n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e pakic\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr dokumente personale; publikimi i ligjeve dhe dispozitave t\u00eb tjera; e drejta e pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb pakicave q\u00eb n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn amtare t\u00eb folin n\u00eb parlament dhe organe t\u00eb tjera shtet\u00ebrore; e drejta q\u00eb n\u00eb mjedise me\u00a0 popull\u00ebsi t\u00eb konsiderueshme t\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare, em\u00ebrtimet tradicionale lokale, em\u00ebrtimet e rrug\u00ebve dhe vendbanimeve, si dhe sh\u00ebnjat topografike t\u00eb\u00a0 shkruhen n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e pakic\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare etj.<\/p>\n

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Gjuha amtare<\/p>\n

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R\u00ebnd\u00ebsia e p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb lir\u00eb t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs amtare \u00ebsht\u00eb shum\u00eb me r\u00ebd\u00ebsi. Andaj, ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb\u00a0 e garantuar me dokumente t\u00eb shumta nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare, dhe ajo si n\u00eb rrafshin nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar dhe at\u00eb rajonal. Nd\u00ebr dokumentat univerzale gjithsesi duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrmenden burimet juridike m\u00eb t\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishme nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare \u2013 Pakti nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat civile dhe politike (neni 27), si dhe Deklarata e Komb\u00ebve t\u00eb Bashkuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat e pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare, etnike, fetare dhe gjuh\u00ebsore (nenet 2,4).<\/p>\n

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N\u00eb rrafshi rajonal duhet thek\u00ebsuar Konventa kuad\u00ebr p\u00ebr mbrojtjen e pakicave komb\u00ebtre t\u00eb K\u00ebshillit Europian (1995.). Leht\u00eb mund t\u00eb vrehet, se ajo, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjerat, p\u00ebrcakton detyr\u00ebn e pal\u00ebve kontraktuese p\u00ebr t\u00eb\u00a0 pranuar dhe njohur t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e \u00e7do pjes\u00ebtari t\u00eb pakic\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e lir\u00eb dhe pa p\u00ebngesa t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb tij amtare privatisht dhe publikisht, me goj\u00eb dhe me shkrim (neni 10\/1);\u00a0 sakt\u00ebson se n\u00eb zonat t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb tradicionalisht ose n\u00eb nj\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb konsiderueshme t\u00eb banuara me pjes\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare, n\u00eb qoft\u00eb se ata pjes\u00ebtar\u00eb at\u00eb e k\u00ebrkojn\u00eb, dhe kur nj\u00eb k\u00ebrkes\u00eb e till\u00eb i p\u00ebrgjigjet nevoj\u00ebs s\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, pal\u00ebt kontraktuese do t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr ti siguruar kushtet t\u00eb cilat do t\u00eb mund\u00ebsojn\u00eb q\u00eb gjuha amtare t\u00eb p\u00ebrdoret n\u00eb raport midis atyre pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb pakic\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare dhe organeve administrative (neni 10\/2); e p\u00ebrcakton detyrimin e pal\u00ebve kontraktuese t\u00eb sigurojn\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e \u00e7do pjes\u00ebtari t\u00eb pakic\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb jet\u00eb i\u00a0 informuar, n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn q\u00eb e kupton, p\u00ebr shkaqet e arrestimit dhe p\u00ebr natyr\u00ebn dhe arsyet e akuz\u00ebs kundra tij dhe q\u00eb t\u00eb mbrohet n\u00eb at\u00eb gjuh\u00eb, n\u00ebse \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme dhe sigurimin falas t\u00eb p\u00ebrkthyesit (neni 10\/3); i detyron pal\u00ebt kontraktuese t\u00eb pranojn\u00eb se e drejta e \u00e7do pjes\u00ebtari t\u00eb pakic\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr shprehjen e lir\u00eb p\u00ebrfshin dhe lirin\u00eb e bindjes, t\u00eb marrjes dhe dh\u00ebnies t\u00eb informatave dhe ideve n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e pakic\u00ebs pa p\u00ebngesa nga ana e pushtetit dhe pa marr parasysh kufinjt (9\/1).<\/p>\n

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Konventa detyron pal\u00ebt kontraktuese: t\u00eb njohin t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn \u00e7do pjes\u00ebtari t\u00eb pakic\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr ta\u00a0 p\u00ebrdor mbiemrin dhe emrin e vet n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e pakic\u00ebs (neni11\/1); q\u00eb n\u00eb zonat tradicionalisht t\u00eb banuara me nj\u00eb numer t\u00eb konsideruesh\u00ebm t\u00eb banor\u00ebve t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i p\u00ebrkasin pakic\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare, t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje, n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb sistemeve t\u00eb tyre juridike, duke p\u00ebrfshi, ku \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo e p\u00ebrshtatshme, kontratat me\u00a0 shtete tjera, a duke patur parasysh kushtet e veta specifike, q\u00eb em\u00ebrtimet lokale tradicionale, em\u00ebrat e\u00a0 rrug\u00ebve dhe shenjat e tjera topografike t\u00eb dedikuara publikut t\u00eb jen\u00eb t\u00eb shkruara n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn lokale, kur ekziston k\u00ebrkesa e mjaftueshme p\u00ebr em\u00ebrtime t\u00eb tilla (neni 11\/3);\u00a0 t\u00eb mos p\u00ebngojn\u00eb krijimin dhe p\u00ebrdorimin e mjeteve t\u00eb informimit publik t\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare, si dhe n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr ligjore p\u00ebr emisionet e radios dhe televizis\u00eb t\u00eb l\u00ebjohet q\u00eb pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebt e pakicave komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb ken\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb dhe ti p\u00ebrdorin mjetet e veta t\u00eb informimit publik (neni 9\/3); t\u00eb njohin t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr ta m\u00ebsuar gjuh\u00ebn e vet amtare (neni14\/1) etj.<\/p>\n

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R\u00ebnd\u00ebsia e materies e ka inspirua dhe Organizat\u00ebn p\u00ebr Siguri dhe Bashk\u00ebpunim n\u00eb Europ\u00eb (OEBS), dmth. t\u00eb Komesarit t\u00eb Lart\u00eb t\u00eb saj p\u00ebr pakica komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarr hapa p\u00ebr p\u00ebrgatitjen e rekomandimeve t\u00eb ve\u00e7anta t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb t\u00eb njohura si Rekomandime nga Oslla p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat e pakicave komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre. Me k\u00ebt\u00eb dokument jan\u00eb rregulluar \u00e7\u00ebshtjet q\u00eb u p\u00ebrkasin t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e em\u00ebrave t\u00eb vet personal n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn amtare, p\u00ebrdorimin e gjuh\u00ebs amtare me rastin e rr\u00ebfimit t\u00eb besimit dhe t\u00eb kryerjes t\u00eb ceremonive fetare, si dhe n\u00eb aspekte tjera t\u00eb ndryshme t\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimit t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb pakic\u00ebs ( n\u00eb jet\u00ebn e bashk\u00ebsis\u00eb, mediume, n\u00eb pun\u00eb t\u00eb organeve t\u00eb administrat\u00ebs dhe sh\u00ebrbimeve publike, n\u00eb pun\u00ebn e gjykatave, etj.).<\/p>\n

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Nj\u00eb r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, t\u00eb drejtat e pakicave e kan\u00eb n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e shkollimit. Pakicat komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebrpa arsimin n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn amtare ndeshen me procesin e asimilimit dhe t\u00eb humbjes t\u00eb identitetit komb\u00ebtar. P\u00ebrpa shtimjen e gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb pakic\u00ebs n\u00eb shkollim, t\u00eb gjitha gjasat jan\u00eb se nx\u00ebn\u00ebsi nuk do ta m\u00ebsoj gjuh\u00ebn e vet amtare, ose nuk do ta p\u00ebrvetsoj n\u00eb nj\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb duhur, respektivisht nuk do ta m\u00ebsoj n\u00eb form\u00eb letrare. Asaj duhet t\u2019i shtohet se nx\u00ebn\u00ebsi i cili vjen nga mjedisi i pakic\u00ebs (n\u00eb ve\u00e7anti n\u00ebse ajo \u00ebsht\u00eb relativisht e izoluar) mund t\u00eb ket\u00eb probleme serioze, ve\u00e7enarisht n\u00eb fillim t\u00eb shkollimit, n\u00eb lidhje me kuptimin dhe p\u00ebrvetsimin e l\u00ebnd\u00ebs m\u00ebsimore, e cila mbahet n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e huaj, respektivisht n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e shumic\u00ebs nacionale. Gjat\u00eb shkollimit t\u00eb m\u00ebtejsh\u00ebm ai gjuh\u00ebn e shumic\u00ebs etnike do t\u00eb duhej ta p\u00ebrvetsoj n\u00eb nj\u00eb nivel t\u00eb konsideruesh\u00ebm, por n\u00eb rastin e lartpermendur jan\u00eb t\u00eb mund\u00ebshme m\u00eb s\u00eb paku dy pasoja negative: (1) fillimi i dob\u00ebt i m\u00ebsimit, andaj dhe demoralizimi i nx\u00ebnsit, respektivisht ramja e motivacionit p\u00ebr t\u00eb arritur sukses sa m\u00eb t\u00eb mir\u00eb; (2) gradualisht harrimi apo l\u00ebnje pas dore gjuh\u00ebn amtare, krahas p\u00ebrvetsimit gjith\u00ebnj\u00eb e m\u00eb mir\u00eb t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs t\u00eb mbajtjes s\u00eb m\u00ebsimit ( t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb shumic\u00ebs).<\/p>\n

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Ekzistojn\u00eb dhe shkaqe t\u00eb tjera t\u00eb shumta\u00a0 p\u00ebr nevoj\u00ebn e shkollimit n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn amtare.<\/p>\n

Ndalimi i m\u00ebsimit n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e pakic\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare, p\u00ebrpos pasojave t\u00eb drejtp\u00ebrdrejta p\u00ebr individ, ndikon dhe n\u00eb pakic\u00ebn n\u00eb t\u00ebr\u00ebsi. N\u00eb qoft\u00eb se f\u00ebmit\u00eb nga radha e saj nuk kan\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb shkollohen n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn amtare, sipas logjik\u00ebs kuptimore, v\u00ebshtir\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebr tu zhvillua inteligjenca, arti dhe krijimtaria e pakic\u00ebs. Ata t\u00eb cil\u00ebt i kryejn\u00eb shkollat n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn joamtare dhe vazhdojn\u00eb studimet po ashtu n\u00eb gjuh\u00eb t\u00eb huaja, nj\u00ebkosisht largohen nga kultura e popullit t\u00eb vet dhe n\u00eb vend t\u00eb saj e pranojn\u00eb, respektivisht integrohen n\u00eb kultur\u00ebn dhe identitetin e shumic\u00ebs etnike. Nga ana tjet\u00ebr, nuk do t\u00eb zhvillohet dhe kultivohet kultura e krijimtaria e pakic\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare. Te nj\u00eb zhvillim i till\u00eb i ngjarjeve, me koh\u00eb do t\u00eb bien interesimi p\u00ebr litetatur\u00eb, informim, teater, film, e tjera n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn amtare, si dhe p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin zyrtar t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb pakic\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare, \u00e7ka do t\u00eb ket\u00eb pasoja negative dhe do t\u00eb \u00e7on drejt asimilimit t\u00eb pakic\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare, respektivisht t\u00eb shuarjes apo humbjes dhe zhdukjes s\u00eb saj. Nga ato, dhe shum\u00eb arsyena t\u00eb tjera, mosndjekja e m\u00ebsimit n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn amtare, do t\u00eb thot\u00eb intensifikimin e rrezikut nga asimilimi. Nd\u00ebrkaq, e drejta n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e shkollimit\u00a0 nuk ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj vet\u00ebm me m\u00ebsimin e gjuh\u00ebs amtare, por ajo p\u00ebrfshin dhe t\u00eb drejt\u00ebn e arritjes s\u00eb dijes p\u00ebr histori, gjeografi dhe kultur\u00eb t\u00eb popullit t\u00eb pakic\u00ebs.<\/p>\n

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Duke folur n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, katalogu i t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e arsimit mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfshij t\u00eb drejtat vijuese me t\u00eb cilat p\u00ebrcaktohet pozita e pakicave n\u00eb arsimim: n\u00eb mosdiskriminim dhe mund\u00ebsit e nj\u00ebjta p\u00ebr ky\u00e7jen n\u00eb arsim; n\u00eb m\u00ebsimin n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn am\u00ebtare;\u00a0\u00a0 n\u00eb arsimin me m\u00ebsim dygjuh\u00ebsor; n\u00eb m\u00ebsimin e gjuh\u00ebs amtare dhe t\u00eb let\u00ebrsis\u00eb si l\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb n\u00eb institucionet edukativo-arsimore me m\u00ebsim n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e shumic\u00ebs etnike; n\u00eb zgjedhjen e lir\u00eb t\u00eb institucionit shkollor (t\u00eb pakic\u00ebs ose shumic\u00ebs) t\u00eb cil\u00ebn nx\u00ebn\u00ebsi i pakic\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare do ta ndjeki, respektivisht n\u00eb vendimin e lir\u00eb p\u00ebr ata q\u00eb nx\u00ebn\u00ebsi i pakic\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare, n\u00ebqoft\u00eb m\u00ebsohet n\u00eb shkoll\u00eb me m\u00ebsim n\u00eb nj\u00eb gjuh\u00eb tjet\u00ebr, do ta ndjeki m\u00ebsimin dhe t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb vet am\u00ebtare si l\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb ( var\u00ebsisht nga mosha e nx\u00ebn\u00ebs\u00ebve, e drejta e zgjedhjes u takon prind\u00ebve t\u00eb tyre ose vet atyre); n\u00eb p\u00ebrvetsimin e njohjeve elementare p\u00ebr histori, gjeografi, art etj. t\u00eb popullit am\u00eb t\u00eb tij.<\/p>\n

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Prandaj, aty ka t\u00eb b\u00ebj me p\u00ebrshtatmerin t\u00eb programit m\u00ebsimor nevojave t\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare, dh\u00ebnie e provimeve n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn amtare dhe jasht\u00eb shkollave t\u00eb pakicave( p\u00ebr shembull, me rastin e regjistrimit n\u00eb institucionet e rregulta t\u00eb shkollave t\u00eb larta n\u00eb t\u00eb cilat m\u00ebsimi mbahet n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e shumic\u00ebs etnike), n\u00eb themelimin dhe mbajtjen t\u00eb institucioneve arsimore t\u00eb pakic\u00ebs p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse (private, fetare); n\u00eb aft\u00ebsimin e arsimtar\u00ebve ( p\u00ebr pun\u00eb n\u00eb shkolla me m\u00ebsim n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebt e pakicave respektivisht p\u00ebr ligjerimin e gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb pakic\u00ebs si l\u00ebnd\u00eb t\u00eb ve\u00e7ant\u00eb) dhe p\u00ebrdorimi i librave dhe litetatur\u00ebs p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse; n\u00eb finansimin e shkollave t\u00eb pakicave nga buxheti shtet\u00ebror, p\u00ebr vazhdimin e shkollimit n\u00eb shtetin am\u00eb t\u00eb pakic\u00ebs, n\u00eb pjes\u00ebmarrjen e marrjeve t\u00eb vendimeve me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi p\u00ebr arsimin e pakicave ( n\u00eb nivelin shtet\u00ebror dhe n\u00eb nivelin lokal \u2013 pjes\u00ebmarrja n\u00eb nxjerrjen p\u00ebr shembull t\u00eb ligjit p\u00ebr pakica, t\u00eb ligjit p\u00ebr arsimim, ligjit p\u00ebr univerzitet etj; n\u00eb marrjen e vendimeve p\u00ebr themelimin, bashkimin ose t\u00eb analuarit apo shfuqizuarit t\u00eb shkollave gjegj\u00ebse t\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare, mbi em\u00ebrimin dhe shkarkimin e e drejtave t\u00eb shkollave t\u00eb tilla; p\u00ebr miratimin respektivisht nd\u00ebrrimin dhe plot\u00ebsimin t\u00eb planit dhe programit m\u00ebsimor me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi p\u00ebr pozit\u00ebn e pakicave, etj.; n\u00eb kryerjen e funk\u00ebsioneve me p\u00ebrgjegj\u00ebsi n\u00eb institucionet ar\u00ebsimore p\u00ebr pakica nga ana e vet pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb pakic\u00ebs p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse (drejtor\u00ebt dhe z\u00ebvend\u00ebsit e shkollave, inspektor\u00ebt e shkollave \u2013 ve\u00e7enarisht p\u00ebr gjuh\u00ebn e pakicave, arsimtar\u00ebt etj.); n\u00eb p\u00ebrdorimin zyrtar t\u00eb gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb pakic\u00ebs n\u00eb pun\u00ebn e institucioneve\u00a0 edukative dhe arsimore p\u00ebr pakica (komunikimi me prind, administrimi i dokumentacionit n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e pakic\u00ebs ose n\u00eb dygjuh\u00ebsi, l\u00ebshimi i d\u00ebftesave shkollore n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e pakic\u00ebs ose n\u00eb dygjuh\u00ebsi; etj.); n\u00eb m\u00ebsimin e gjuh\u00ebs t\u00eb shumic\u00ebs s\u00eb popullat\u00ebs (p\u00ebr pa \u00e7ka pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebt e pakicave nuk do t\u00eb\u00a0 mundeshin n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb drejt\u00eb me u p\u00ebrshtat n\u00eb jet\u00ebn shoq\u00ebrore t\u00eb shtetit n\u00eb t\u00eb cilin jetojn\u00eb. Konkretisht, p\u00ebrvet\u00ebsimi i mir\u00eb i gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb shumic\u00ebs mund t\u00eb jet\u00eb me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi esenciale p\u00ebr vazhdimin e pa penguar t\u00eb shkollimit n\u00eb ndonj\u00eb institucion arsimor me m\u00ebsim n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn e shumic\u00ebs, p\u00ebr shansat e barabarta te pun\u00ebsimit dhe jasht\u00eb zon\u00ebs t\u00eb popull\u00ebsuar me pjestar\u00eb t\u00eb pakic\u00ebs, etj.).<\/p>\n

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M\u00eb nalt\u00eb jan\u00eb num\u00ebrua vet\u00ebm disa t\u00eb drejta themelore t\u00eb cilat kan\u00eb t\u00eb b\u00ebjn\u00eb me arsimin e va\u00e7ant\u00eb p\u00ebr pjes\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare. Me fjal\u00eb t\u00eb tjera, var\u00ebsisht nga mund\u00ebsit ekzistuese dhe gadishmeris\u00eb – vehtjake p\u00ebr at\u00eb, shtetet munden pakicave komb\u00ebtare me ua njoh dhe disa t\u00eb drejta t\u00eb tjera plot\u00ebsuese, q\u00eb nuk i kemi p\u00ebrmendur ( p\u00ebr shembull, mesimi n\u00eb shkollat e pakicave nga l\u00ebnd\u00ebt e identitetit, t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs s\u00eb tyre komb\u00ebtare t\u00eb b\u00ebhet dhe zhvillohet sipas planit m\u00ebsimor i cili \u00ebsht\u00eb n\u00eb fuqi n\u00eb shtetin am\u00eb t\u00eb pakic\u00ebs p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse).<\/p>\n

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Sot t\u00eb drejtat e ve\u00e7anta n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e shkollimit jan\u00eb t\u00eb rregulluara dhe t\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuara me dokumene me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi bashk\u00ebkohore juridike nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtare dhe dokumente t\u00eb tjera. Ashtu p\u00ebr shembull, Konventa Kuad\u00ebr, si dokumenti m\u00eb me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi juridik rajonal, p\u00ebrmban, nd\u00ebr t\u00eb tjerat, dhe dispozitat p\u00ebr k\u00ebto \u00e7\u00ebshtje. Konkretisht, me k\u00ebt\u00eb Konvent\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrcaktuar se pal\u00ebt kontraktuese:\u00a0 ku \u00ebsht\u00eb e p\u00ebrshtatshme, do t\u00eb nd\u00ebmarrin masa n\u00eb fush\u00ebn e arsimit dhe t\u00eb hulumtimit p\u00ebr kujdesin e\u00a0 e kultivimit t\u00eb kultur\u00ebs, historis\u00eb, gjuh\u00ebs dhe besimit t\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare (neni 12\/1); do t\u00eb sigurojn\u00eb mund\u00ebsit p\u00ebrkat\u00ebse p\u00ebr aft\u00ebsimin e arsimtar\u00ebve dhe p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e librave dhe leht\u00ebsimin e takimit n\u00eb mes n\u00ebx\u00ebnsave dhe arsimtar\u00ebve t\u00eb bashk\u00ebsive t\u00eb ndryshme (neni12\/2); do t\u00eb p\u00ebrparojn\u00eb apo \u00e7ojn\u00eb p\u00ebrpara mund\u00ebsit e barabarta p\u00ebr inkuadrimin n\u00eb arsim n\u00eb t\u00eb gjitha nivelet p\u00ebr pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebt e pakicave komb\u00ebtare (neni12\/3); njohja dhe pranimi e secilit pjestar t\u00eb pakic\u00ebs komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr t\u00eb m\u00ebsuar gjuh\u00ebn e vet t\u00eb pakic\u00ebs (neni 14\/1); n\u00eb zonat t\u00eb cilat jan\u00eb tradicionalisht ose n\u00eb nj\u00eb mas\u00eb t\u00eb konsiderueshme t\u00eb banuara me pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebt e pakicave komb\u00ebtare, n\u00ebse ka k\u00ebrkes\u00eb t\u00eb mjaftueshme me b\u00eb p\u00ebrpjekje p\u00ebr t\u00eb siguruar, sadoq\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb e mundshme dhe n\u00eb kuad\u00ebr t\u00eb sistemeve t\u00eb veta arsimore, q\u00eb pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebt e pakicave t\u00eb ken\u00eb mund\u00ebsi gjegj\u00ebse p\u00ebr ndjekjen e m\u00ebsimeve n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn amtare ose t\u00eb mbajtjeve t\u00eb or\u00ebve t\u00eb m\u00ebsimit nga ato gjuh\u00eb (neni 14\/2); e tjera.<\/p>\n

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K\u00ebto t\u00eb drejta jan\u00eb t\u00eb pranuara e t\u00eb njohura dhe n\u00eb rrafshin universal. Per shembull, me nenin 4\/3-4 t\u00eb Deklarat\u00ebs t\u00eb Komb\u00ebve t\u00eb Bashkuara p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat e pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebve t\u00eb pakicave komb\u00ebtare ose etnike, fetare dhe gjuh\u00ebsore (1992) \u00ebsht\u00eb sakt\u00ebsua se shtetet duhet t\u00eb nd\u00ebrmarrin masa gjegj\u00ebse, ashtu q\u00eb ku \u00ebsht\u00eb ajo e mundshme, pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebt e pakicave t\u00eb ken\u00eb mund\u00ebsi adekuate p\u00ebr ta m\u00ebsuar gjuh\u00ebn e vet amtare ose t\u00eb ndjekin m\u00ebsimin n\u00eb gjuh\u00ebn amtare; si dhe ajo q\u00eb shtetet, atje ku \u00ebsht\u00eb e nevojshme, duhet t\u00eb ndermarrin masa n\u00eb l\u00ebmin e arsimit n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb nxisin njohjen e historis\u00eb, tradit\u00ebs, gjuh\u00ebs dhe kultur\u00ebs t\u00eb pakicave t\u00eb cilat jetojn\u00eb n\u00eb territorin e tyre; si dhe pjes\u00ebtar\u00ebt e pakicave duhet t\u00eb ken\u00eb mund\u00ebsi gjegj\u00ebse t\u00eb krijojn\u00eb njohje mbi shoq\u00ebrin\u00eb si t\u00ebr\u00ebsi.<\/p>\n

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R\u00ebnd\u00ebsia e k\u00ebsaj materie ka pasur p\u00ebr pasoj q\u00eb n\u00ebn drejtimin e OEBS-it ( t\u00eb Komesarit t\u00eb Lart\u00eb p\u00ebr pakica komb\u00ebtare) \u00ebsht\u00eb p\u00ebrgatitur nj\u00eb dokument i ve\u00e7ant\u00eb, i njohur si rekomandimet e Hag\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb drejtat e pakicave komb\u00ebtare p\u00ebr arsim, me t\u00eb cilin jan\u00eb rregullua \u00e7\u00ebshtjet t\u00eb cilat i p\u00ebrkasin arsimit fillor dhe t\u00eb\u00a0 mes\u00ebm t\u00eb pakicave, arsimit t\u00eb pakicave n\u00eb shkolla profesionale, si dhe t\u00eb shkollimit t\u00eb lart\u00eb p\u00ebr pjes\u00ebtar\u00eb t\u00eb pakicave etj.<\/p>\n

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  \u00a0 Shkruan Nik\u00eb Gashaj \u00a0 Respektimi i t\u00eb drejtave t\u00eb pakicave dhe personave t\u00eb cil\u00ebt u p\u00ebrkasin atyre \u00ebsht\u00eb faktor me r\u00ebnd\u00ebsi p\u00ebr paq, stabilitet dhe demokraci. Ndersa, p\u00ebrdorimi i gjuh\u00ebs dhe kultur\u00ebs s\u00eb pakic\u00ebs \u00ebsht\u00eb sh\u00ebnj\u00eb e pasuris\u00eb dhe e vitalitetit t\u00eb qytet\u00ebrimit evropian.   E drejta p\u00ebr p\u00ebrdorimin e gjuh\u00ebs s\u00eb pakic\u00ebs […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":566,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[2,12],"tags":[1186,1180],"class_list":["post-15925","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-aktualitet","category-opinione","tag-gjuha-shqipe","tag-nik-gashaj"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15925","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=15925"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15925\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":15926,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/15925\/revisions\/15926"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/566"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=15925"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=15925"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=15925"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}