{"id":1058,"date":"2014-12-29T22:57:27","date_gmt":"2014-12-29T21:57:27","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=1058"},"modified":"2014-12-29T22:57:27","modified_gmt":"2014-12-29T21:57:27","slug":"mundesia-qe-ofron-cmimi-i-naftes","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/?p=1058","title":{"rendered":"Mund\u00ebsia q\u00eb ofron \u00e7mimi i naft\u00ebs"},"content":{"rendered":"

\"kemal-dervish\"<\/a>Kemal Dervish
\nR\u00ebnia e fort\u00eb e \u00e7mimit t\u00eb naft\u00ebs bruto q\u00eb nga fundi i qershorit ka rr\u00ebmbyer titujt e m\u00ebdhenj t\u00eb gazetave dhe televizioneve \u2013 si dhe po prodhon shum\u00eb shpjegime kontradiktor\u00eb. Disa thon\u00eb se shkaku \u00ebsht\u00eb r\u00ebnia e pritshm\u00ebrive p\u00ebr rritjen ekonomike n\u00eb nivel global. T\u00eb tjer\u00eb fokusohen n\u00eb zgjerimin e prodhimit t\u00eb naft\u00ebs dhe gazit n\u00eb Amerik\u00eb. T\u00eb tjer\u00eb hedhin dyshime p\u00ebr nj\u00eb marr\u00ebveshje t\u00eb heshtur mes Arabis\u00eb Saudite dhe Shteteve t\u00eb Bashkuara q\u00eb synon, mes t\u00eb tjerash, dob\u00ebsimin e rival\u00ebve politik\u00eb si Rusia dhe Irani.<\/p>\n

Pavar\u00ebsisht arsyes p\u00ebr r\u00ebnien e \u00e7mimit \u2013 q\u00eb ndoshta duhet gjetur n\u00eb nj\u00eb kombinim t\u00eb k\u00ebtyre faktor\u00ebve \u2013 pasojat jan\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjta. Ndon\u00ebse, si\u00e7 ka dekalruar drejtorja e Fondit Monetar Nd\u00ebrkomb\u00ebtar, Christine Lagarde, r\u00ebnia e \u00e7mimeve t\u00eb naft\u00ebs mund t\u00eb nxis\u00eb rritjen ekonomike n\u00eb nivel global, teksa ato q\u00eb fitojn\u00eb m\u00eb shum\u00eb jan\u00eb ekonomit\u00eb e p\u00ebrparuara importuese t\u00eb naft\u00ebs, impakti ndaj p\u00ebrpjekjeve p\u00ebr luftimin e ndryshimeve klimatik\u00eb do t\u00eb jet\u00eb shkat\u00ebrrimtar.<\/p>\n

N\u00eb t\u00eb v\u00ebrtet\u00eb, nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie e vazhdueshme e \u00e7mimeve t\u00eb naft\u00ebs jo vet\u00ebm q\u00eb do i b\u00ebj\u00eb tani m\u00eb pak konkuruese energjit\u00eb e rinovueshme; ajo do t\u00eb pengoj\u00eb gjithashtu konkurueshm\u00ebrin\u00eb n\u00eb t\u00eb ardhmen, duke dekurajuar k\u00ebrkimin dhe investimet. M\u00eb n\u00eb p\u00ebrgjith\u00ebsi, do t\u00eb reduktonte stimujt p\u00ebr konsumator\u00ebt, kompanit\u00eb dhe qeverit\u00eb q\u00eb t\u00eb ndjekin praktika m\u00eb efi\u00e7iente nga pik\u00ebpamja energjetike.<\/p>\n

Edhe n\u00ebse do t\u00eb mbeteshim n\u00eb trajektoren aktuale, mos lejimi i nj\u00eb rritjeje t\u00eb temperaturave me m\u00eb shum\u00eb se 2 grad\u00eb mbi nivelet paraindustrial\u00eb \u2013 pragu p\u00ebrtej t\u00eb cilit do t\u00eb kishim pasoja shqet\u00ebsuese prej ndryshimit t\u00eb klim\u00ebs \u2013 do t\u00eb ishte pothuajse i pamundur t\u00eb arrihej. Si\u00e7 thuhej n\u00eb m\u00ebnyr\u00eb t\u00eb p\u00ebrs\u00ebritur edhe n\u00eb raportin m\u00eb t\u00eb fundit t\u00eb Panelit Nd\u00ebrqeveritar p\u00ebr Ndryshimet Klimatike, nuk mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrballojn\u00eb nj\u00eb ngadal\u00ebsim t\u00eb p\u00ebrparimit q\u00eb \u00ebsht\u00eb b\u00ebr\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Sigurisht, shkenca e klim\u00ebs nuk \u00ebsht\u00eb ekzakte, ajo funksionon sipas gamave t\u00eb probabilitetit. Por vler\u00ebsimet e pasigurt\u00eb nuk n\u00ebnkuptojn\u00eb q\u00eb rreziku \u00ebsht\u00eb m\u00eb pak akut.
\nUdh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit bot\u00ebror\u00eb duket se e pranojn\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb gj\u00eb n\u00eb teori, ashtu si b\u00ebn\u00eb edhe n\u00eb samitin e sapo p\u00ebrmbyllur n\u00eb Lima t\u00eb Perus\u00eb. Por ata vazhdojn\u00eb t\u00eb mbshteten mbi angazhime jodetyrues \u2013 duke e l\u00ebn\u00eb k\u00ebshtu bot\u00ebn n\u00eb nj\u00eb trajektore t\u00eb rrezikshme klimatike.<\/p>\n

Megjithat\u00eb, nj\u00eb r\u00ebnie e fort\u00eb e \u00e7mimeve t\u00eb naft\u00ebs ofron nj\u00eb mund\u00ebsi t\u00eb rrall\u00eb politike p\u00ebr t\u00eb futur m\u00eb shum\u00eb pagesa p\u00ebr karbonin. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit, nj\u00eb prej argumentave kryesor\u00eb kund\u00ebr nj\u00eb \u201ctakse p\u00ebr karbonin\u201d ka qen\u00eb se ajo do e b\u00ebnte energjin\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb kushtueshme. Edhe garancit\u00eb se t\u00eb ardhurat prej k\u00ebtyre taksave do t\u2019u riktheheshin taksapaguesve nuk ishin t\u00eb mjaftueshme p\u00ebr t\u00eb kap\u00ebrcyer rezistenc\u00ebn politike, sidomos n\u00eb SHBA.<\/p>\n

Por, tani q\u00eb r\u00ebnia e \u00e7mimeve t\u00eb naft\u00ebs ushtron presion mbi z\u00ebvend\u00ebsuesit e naft\u00ebs, nj\u00eb taks\u00eb mbi karbonin do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb miratohej, pa e rritur \u00e7mimin e energjis\u00eb p\u00ebr konsumator\u00ebt. Politik\u00ebb\u00ebr\u00ebsit do t\u00eb duhej thjesht\u00eb t\u00eb hiqnin dor\u00eb nga disa prej efekteve stimulues koh\u00ebshkurt\u00ebr t\u00eb energjis\u00eb s\u00eb lir\u00eb. N\u00eb fakt, me \u00e7mimet e ul\u00ebt t\u00eb energjis\u00eb, konsumator\u00ebt do t\u00eb mund t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitonin s\u00ebrish prej kostove t\u00eb ul\u00ebta t\u00eb energjis\u00eb \u2013 thjesht\u00eb jo aq shum\u00eb sa p\u00ebrfitojn\u00eb tani.<\/p>\n

Struktura e nj\u00eb skeme p\u00ebr taks\u00ebn e karbonit mbetet p\u00ebr t\u2019u diskutuar. Nj\u00eb opsion do t\u00eb ishte vendosja e nj\u00eb \u00e7mimi fleksib\u00ebl, i lidhur pas \u00e7mimit t\u00eb naft\u00ebs. P\u00ebr shembull, p\u00ebr \u00e7do 5 USD r\u00ebnie n\u00eb \u00e7mimin p\u00ebr fu\u00e7i, taksa e karbonit do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb rritej n\u00eb nj\u00eb sasi t\u00eb caktuar. P\u00ebr \u00e7do 5 USD rritje, taksa do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb ulej p\u00ebr shembull, me dy t\u00eb tretat e asaj sasie.<\/p>\n

K\u00ebshtu, \u00e7mimi i karbonit do t\u00eb rritej me kalimin e koh\u00ebs \u2013 rezultat optimal ky, sipas modeleve t\u00eb rritjes q\u00eb marrin parasysh kufizimet e klim\u00ebs. N\u00eb t\u00eb nj\u00ebjt\u00ebn koh\u00eb, kjo do t\u00eb mbronte konsumator\u00ebt nga luahtshm\u00ebria e \u00e7mimeve t\u00eb naft\u00ebs, duke stabilizuar k\u00ebshtu shpenzimet e tyre p\u00ebr energjin\u00eb. N\u00eb fund, dhe ndoshta m\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja, nj\u00eb qasje e till\u00eb do t\u00eb ishte politikisht m\u00eb t\u00ebrheq\u00ebse se sa nj\u00eb taks\u00eb karboni e pandryshueshme, sidomos n\u00ebse kjo vendoset n\u00eb nj\u00eb koh\u00eb kur kemi r\u00ebnie t\u00eb fort\u00eb t\u00eb \u00e7mimeve t\u00eb naft\u00ebs.
\nShkurt, udh\u00ebheq\u00ebsit bot\u00ebror\u00eb duhet t\u00eb p\u00ebrfitojn\u00eb prej r\u00ebnies s\u00eb \u00e7mimeve t\u00eb naft\u00ebs p\u00ebr t\u00eb shkuar p\u00ebrtej taksimit indirekt t\u00eb karbonit \u2013 q\u00eb arrihet p\u00ebrmes \u00e7mimeve q\u00eb u vihen substancave q\u00eb l\u00ebshojn\u00eb karbonin \u2013 duke shkuar drejt nj\u00eb taks\u00eb mbi karbonin q\u00eb mund t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb t\u00eb fus\u00eb bot\u00ebn drejt nj\u00eb shtegu m\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndruesh\u00ebm t\u00eb rritjes ekonomike. N\u00eb nj\u00eb situat\u00eb ideal, q\u00eb t\u00eb ken\u00eb nj\u00eb impakt real, skemat e taksimit t\u00eb karbonit do t\u00eb duhej t\u00eb zbatoheshin n\u00eb t\u00eb gjith\u00eb ekonomit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha.<\/p>\n

Sigurisht, duke par\u00eb shum\u00ebllojshm\u00ebrin\u00eb e taksave ekzistuese, tarifave dhe subvencioneve p\u00ebr produktet energjetik\u00eb n\u00eb shum\u00eb vende, objektivi i p\u00ebrafrimit t\u00eb kostos s\u00eb karbonit me nivelin e saj ekonomikisht m\u00eb efi\u00e7ient do t\u00eb k\u00ebrkonte koh\u00eb t\u00eb arrihej. Por, miratimi i nj\u00eb takse modeste dhe fleksib\u00ebl p\u00ebr karbonin n\u00eb ekonomit\u00eb e m\u00ebdha do t\u00eb ishte nj\u00eb hap i par\u00eb shum\u00eb i r\u00ebnd\u00ebsish\u00ebm.<\/p>\n

Mjedisi i sot\u00ebm me r\u00ebnie t\u00eb \u00e7mimeve t\u00eb naft\u00ebs ia b\u00ebn t\u00eb mundur bot\u00ebs ta nd\u00ebrmarr\u00eb k\u00ebt\u00eb hap. Duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb modest, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb jet\u00eb i pranuesh\u00ebm politikisht. Duhet t\u00eb jet\u00eb fleksib\u00ebl, me q\u00ebllim q\u00eb t\u00eb ndihmoj\u00eb n\u00eb stabilizimin e \u00e7mimeve t\u00eb konsumator\u00ebve. Dhe duhet t\u00eb rritet me kalimin e koh\u00ebs, p\u00ebr ta futur ekonomin\u00eb globale n\u00eb nj\u00eb rrug\u00eb m\u00eb t\u00eb q\u00ebndrueshme. M\u00eb e r\u00ebnd\u00ebsishmja, duhet t\u00eb implementohet me shpejt\u00ebsi. N\u00eb fund t\u00eb fundit, dritarja e mund\u00ebsive nuk do t\u00eb q\u00ebndroj\u00eb e hapur p\u00ebr nj\u00eb koh\u00eb t\u00eb gjat\u00eb.<\/p>\n

Copyright Project Syndicate
\nwww.project-syndicate.org
\nSHQIPERUAR NGA www.bota.al<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Kemal Dervish R\u00ebnia e fort\u00eb e \u00e7mimit t\u00eb naft\u00ebs bruto q\u00eb nga fundi i qershorit ka rr\u00ebmbyer titujt e m\u00ebdhenj t\u00eb gazetave dhe televizioneve \u2013 si dhe po prodhon shum\u00eb shpjegime kontradiktor\u00eb. Disa thon\u00eb se shkaku \u00ebsht\u00eb r\u00ebnia e pritshm\u00ebrive p\u00ebr rritjen ekonomike n\u00eb nivel global. T\u00eb tjer\u00eb fokusohen n\u00eb zgjerimin e prodhimit t\u00eb naft\u00ebs […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1059,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_seopress_robots_primary_cat":"","_seopress_titles_title":"","_seopress_titles_desc":"","_seopress_robots_index":"","footnotes":""},"categories":[12],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-1058","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-opinione"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1058","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcomments&post=1058"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1058\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1060,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1058\/revisions\/1060"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=\/wp\/v2\/media\/1059"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fmedia&parent=1058"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Fcategories&post=1058"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/ulqini-online.com\/sajti\/index.php?rest_route=%2Fwp%2Fv2%2Ftags&post=1058"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}